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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
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Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Glucose Transporters01:27

Glucose Transporters

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Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
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Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

Carbohydrate Metabolism

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Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
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[Gestational diabetes mellitus].

M-V Senat1, P Deruelle2

  • 1Service gynécologie obstétrique, hôpital Bicêtre, 78, rue du Général-Leclerc, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.

Gynecologie, Obstetrique & Fertilite
|March 8, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) criteria significantly increase diagnosis rates. However, evidence is lacking to prove health benefits for women and children from these new GDM diagnostic thresholds.

Keywords:
ComplicationComplicationsDiabète gestationnelDépistageGestational diabetes mellitusScreeningTraitementTreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevalence was 5-10% in 2010.
  • New diagnostic thresholds adopted in 2010 have increased GDM diagnoses.
  • A 2014 French study reported a 14% prevalence of GDM using these criteria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of new diagnostic criteria for GDM.
  • To assess the health benefits for mothers and newborns associated with the new criteria.
  • To differentiate risks associated with GDM versus moderate hyperglycemia in pregnancy.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective, single-center study conducted in France.
  • Utilized International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) recommended thresholds.
  • Data collected in 2014.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of gestational diabetes was estimated at 14% in 2014 using the new criteria.
  • No published studies currently demonstrate health benefits for women and children using these criteria.
  • Distinction made between GDM/type 2 diabetes in pregnancy and moderate hyperglycemia.

Conclusions:

  • The application of new GDM diagnostic criteria significantly increases the number of affected patients.
  • There is a lack of evidence supporting the health benefits of these new criteria for maternal and child outcomes.
  • Moderate hyperglycemia during pregnancy may not pose the same risks as diagnosed GDM or type 2 diabetes.