Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 24, 2026
06:06
Constructing Mutants in Serotype 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae strain 519/43
Published on: September 11, 2020
2.3K
[Fatal pneumococcal meningitis due to serotype 19 A: A preventable case?]
Summary
Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) decreased in Chile after infant vaccination. However, a fatal case of meningitis caused by a non-vaccine serotype (19A) highlights the need for ongoing surveillance.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is a significant global health concern.
- Chile incorporated the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) into its routine infant immunization program (EPI).
- PCV10 introduction led to a decrease in IPD incidence in Chile.
Observation:
- A fatal case of pneumococcal meningitis occurred in a child.
- The causative agent was identified as Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A.
- Serotype 19A is not included in the 10-valent pneumococcal vaccine.
Findings:
- This case represents a potential serotype replacement phenomenon, where non-vaccine serotypes may emerge after widespread vaccination.
- The occurrence of IPD due to serotype 19A highlights the limitations of current vaccine formulations in covering all circulating serotypes.
Implications:
- Active surveillance for IPD is crucial to monitor the impact of vaccination programs.
- Understanding the distribution of circulating serotypes and their clinical correlation is essential for public health strategies.
- This case underscores the need for continued research into broader-spectrum pneumococcal vaccines.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:14Atypical Pneumonia
17
Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease...
17
01:18Viral Meningitis
32
Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
32
01:30Pneumonia I: Introduction
1.3K
Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
1.3K
01:30Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment
1.2K
Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
1.2K
01:29Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology
4.0K
The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
4.0K
01:30Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention
3.9K
Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
3.9K