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Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
Published on: June 16, 2020
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Pulmonary involvement in systemic sclerosis: A clinical profile.
A S Deepa1, Roopa Premanand Rachel1, Priya Ramchandran1
1Department of Pulmonary Medicine, St John's Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Lung India : Official Organ of Indian Chest Society
|April 7, 2016
Summary
Pulmonary involvement affects 90% of patients with systemic sclerosis, often without respiratory symptoms. Early screening using pulmonary function tests and the 6-minute walk test is recommended for early detection and management.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Pulmonology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disease impacting skin and internal organs.
- Pulmonary involvement in SSc significantly contributes to patient morbidity and mortality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the frequency of pulmonary involvement in progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS).
- To characterize the clinical and radiological features of pulmonary involvement in PSS.
Main Methods:
- A descriptive cross-sectional study involving 100 PSS patients.
- Evaluations included medical history, modified Rodnan score, clinical examination, laboratory tests, chest X-ray (CXR), pulmonary function tests (PFT), and 6-minute walk test (6MWT).
- High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) was performed on consenting participants.
Main Results:
- 90% of PSS patients exhibited pulmonary involvement, with disease duration correlating significantly with its presence.
- Dyspnea, cough, crepitations, CXR findings, Borg score, and Rodnan score were associated with severe pulmonary involvement.
- Common symptoms included skin thickening (98%) and Raynaud's phenomenon (98%).
Conclusions:
- The study found a 90% prevalence of pulmonary involvement in PSS.
- A significant proportion (29%) of patients had asymptomatic pulmonary involvement, underscoring the need for early screening.
- PFT and 6MWT are recommended as cost-effective screening tools, especially in resource-limited settings.
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