Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview01:28

Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview

2.3K
Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic technique used to identify and evaluate structural and functional diseases of the heart and major blood vessels. This technique diagnoses congenital heart disease, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and coronary spasms and assesses ventricular function. It helps guide treatment decisions, including the need for revascularization procedures like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and...
2.3K
Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

652
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
652
ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

887
Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
887
Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class II Agents as β-Adrenergic Blockers01:24

Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class II Agents as β-Adrenergic Blockers

2.2K
Adrenergic stimulation generally impacts cardiac rate and rhythm. Specifically, stimulation of the β-adrenoceptors triggers an increase in intracellular calcium ion influx and pacemaker currents, which may cause arrhythmias. Catecholamines like adrenaline also demonstrate β2-adrenoceptor-mediated hypokalemia, impacting cardiac action potential and disrupting the normal cardiac rhythm. Class II antiarrhythmic drugs are β-adrenoceptor antagonists or β-blockers, which...
2.2K
Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias01:30

Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias

470
Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...
470
Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

409
Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
409

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Using the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability to Evaluate a Smoking Cessation Programme in Community Pharmacies.

Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals·2026
Same author

Availability of nitazenes via cryptomarkets and surface web shops: An observational study.

Addiction (Abingdon, England)·2026
Same author

Trends in gamma-hydroxybutyrate use, harms and treatment in Australia, 2013 to 2024.

Addiction (Abingdon, England)·2026
Same author

Understanding Gender Differences in Injecting-Related Harms Among an Australian Sample of People Who Inject Drugs.

Drug and alcohol review·2025
Same author

Substance Use and Sex Index version 2 (SUSI-2): Validation of a brief questionnaire for the measurement of behaviours associated with transmission of blood borne viruses and sexually transmitted infections.

Addiction (Abingdon, England)·2025
Same author

Does alcohol use and related harm differ based on the age of initiation to alcohol? Results from a prospective cohort study.

Addiction (Abingdon, England)·2025
Same journal

Early trends in outpatient addiction care for cannabis use disorder following cannabis legalization in Germany: Evidence from National Monitoring Data.

Addiction (Abingdon, England)·2026
Same journal

Zyn and other oral nicotine pouch use, correlates, and advertising exposure among a national sample of United States adolescents, young adults and adults.

Addiction (Abingdon, England)·2026
Same journal

Trends in new psychoactive substance poisonings in the Netherlands: A 14-year retrospective analysis (2012-2025).

Addiction (Abingdon, England)·2026
Same journal

Theorizing ahead of the data: A commentary on Piper et al.

Addiction (Abingdon, England)·2026
Same journal

Longitudinal association of switching to dual cigarette and e-cigarette use vs. continued exclusive cigarette smoking with tobacco-specific nitrosamine and nicotine intake.

Addiction (Abingdon, England)·2026
Same journal

Novel product, familiar challenges: Navigating uncertainty in oral nicotine pouch regulation.

Addiction (Abingdon, England)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Color Spot Test As a Presumptive Tool for the Rapid Detection of Synthetic Cathinones
06:06

Color Spot Test As a Presumptive Tool for the Rapid Detection of Synthetic Cathinones

Published on: February 5, 2018

27.0K

Is khat use disorder a valid diagnostic entity?

Samson W Duresso1, Allison J Matthews1, Stuart G Ferguson1

  • 1School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.

Addiction (Abingdon, England)
|April 11, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Khat use disorder, diagnosed using DSM-5 criteria, is a valid syndrome associated with significant harms. Individuals with khat use disorder experience more problems but have low rates of seeking professional help.

Keywords:
CathaDSM-5DSM-IVcentral nervous system stimulantskhatkhat dependencekhat use disorderstimulant use disordersubstance -related disorders

More Related Videos

Testing Acetylcholine Followed by Adenosine for Invasive Diagnosis of Coronary Vasomotor Disorders
05:58

Testing Acetylcholine Followed by Adenosine for Invasive Diagnosis of Coronary Vasomotor Disorders

Published on: February 3, 2021

4.4K
Dual-Dye Optical Mapping of Hearts from RyR2R2474S Knock-In Mice of Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia
09:36

Dual-Dye Optical Mapping of Hearts from RyR2R2474S Knock-In Mice of Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia

Published on: December 22, 2023

1.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Color Spot Test As a Presumptive Tool for the Rapid Detection of Synthetic Cathinones
06:06

Color Spot Test As a Presumptive Tool for the Rapid Detection of Synthetic Cathinones

Published on: February 5, 2018

27.0K
Testing Acetylcholine Followed by Adenosine for Invasive Diagnosis of Coronary Vasomotor Disorders
05:58

Testing Acetylcholine Followed by Adenosine for Invasive Diagnosis of Coronary Vasomotor Disorders

Published on: February 3, 2021

4.4K
Dual-Dye Optical Mapping of Hearts from RyR2R2474S Knock-In Mice of Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia
09:36

Dual-Dye Optical Mapping of Hearts from RyR2R2474S Knock-In Mice of Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia

Published on: December 22, 2023

1.9K

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Substance Abuse Research
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Khat (Catha edulis) is a stimulant with widespread use in some regions.
  • Understanding khat use disorder (KUD) is crucial for public health initiatives.
  • Validating diagnostic criteria for KUD is essential for accurate assessment and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To validate the presence of a khat use disorder (KUD) syndrome using DSM-5 criteria.
  • To examine the relationship between KUD and the experience of harms.
  • To assess the prevalence and severity of KUD in a specific population.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 400 current khat consumers aged 16+ in Ethiopia.
  • Utilized a survey with modified Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule-IV for symptoms.
  • Included validated measures of health, psychological distress, quality of life, and academic functioning.

Main Results:

  • Over half (54.5%) of participants met criteria for severe khat use disorder (KUD).
  • KUD diagnosis was associated with significantly higher frequency and quantity of khat use.
  • Individuals with KUD reported more financial, academic, and mental health problems, and poorer quality of life.

Conclusions:

  • The DSM-5 criteria for khat use disorder (KUD) appear valid and consistent with other substance use disorders.
  • KUD is associated with substantial individual and social harms.
  • Help-seeking behavior for KUD is notably low, with most support coming from informal networks.