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Acute kidney injury in patients with Kawasaki disease

Gwo-Tsann Chuang1, I-Jung Tsai1, Ming-Tai Lin1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Pediatric Research
|April 12, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects a significant number of children with Kawasaki disease (KD). Younger age and elevated alanine transaminase levels are key factors associated with AKI in these patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Kawasaki disease (KD) is primarily known for coronary artery abnormalities.
  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an underreported complication in KD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of AKI in pediatric patients diagnosed with Kawasaki disease.
  • To identify clinical and laboratory factors associated with AKI in KD.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study analyzed 332 patients with KD from February 2004 to August 2014.
  • AKI was defined as serum creatinine >1.5 times the age-specific upper limit.
  • Data included creatinine, echocardiography, inflammatory markers, and liver enzymes.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of AKI among KD patients was 28% (93 out of 332).
  • Multivariate analysis identified younger age (OR: 0.521) and higher alanine transaminase levels (OR: 1.003) as significant predictors of AKI.
  • No significant association was found with other tested variables.

Conclusions:

  • AKI is a notable complication in a substantial proportion of Kawasaki disease cases.
  • Younger age and elevated alanine transaminase levels are significant risk factors for developing AKI in KD patients.
Abstract

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