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Related Concept Videos

Salivary Glands and Saliva01:23

Salivary Glands and Saliva

2.5K
The salivary glands, of which there are three pairs known as the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands, play a crucial role in maintaining oral health and initiating the digestive process. Positioned near the ears, beneath the masseter muscle, the parotid glands secrete saliva into the oral cavity through the parotid duct of Stensen. Meanwhile, the submandibular glands, located on the floor of the mouth, secrete saliva through channels named submandibular ducts. The sublingual glands,...
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Carbohydrate Digestion00:57

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Carbohydrate digestion and metabolism break down simple and complex carbohydrates from food into saccharides (i.e., sugars) for the body to use as energy. Carbohydrate digestion starts in the mouth during mastication, or chewing. The masticated carbohydrates remain intact in the stomach. Digestion resumes in the duodenum of the small intestine, where pancreatic alpha-amylase and brush border enzymes of the microvilli convert complex carbohydrates to monosaccharides. Finally, the monosaccharides...
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Overview
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Accessory Organs01:31

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Accessory organs are those that participate in the digestion of food but do not come into direct contact with it like the mouth, stomach, or intestine do. Accessory organs secrete enzymes into the digestive tract to facilitate the breakdown of food.
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Neural Regulation01:37

Neural Regulation

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Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
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What is Monogastric Digestion?01:50

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The human body contains a monogastric digestive system. In a monogastric digestive system, the stomach only contains one chamber in which it digests food. Several other animal species also have monogastric digestive systems, including pigs, horses, dogs, and birds. This chapter, however, focuses on the human digestive system.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Collecting Saliva and Measuring Salivary Cortisol and Alpha-amylase in Frail Community Residing Older Adults via Family Caregivers
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Surgery for Benign Salivary Neoplasms.

M Boyd Gillespie, Heinrich Iro

    Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology
    |April 20, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary

    Salivary neoplasms, though rare, require careful diagnosis and surgical removal. Surgeons must remain vigilant for potential malignancy, even with initially benign presentations, to ensure optimal patient outcomes.

    Area of Science:

    • Head and Neck Surgery
    • Oncology
    • Pathology

    Background:

    • Salivary neoplasms represent a small fraction of head and neck tumors.
    • Preauricular and submandibular masses are often misdiagnosed by non-specialists.
    • Otolaryngologists consider all such masses as potential salivary neoplasms.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To outline the diagnostic and management principles for benign salivary gland neoplasms.
    • To emphasize the importance of accurate diagnosis, complete surgical excision, and functional preservation.
    • To highlight the challenges in differentiating benign from malignant salivary masses preoperatively.

    Main Methods:

    • Preoperative evaluation including physical examination, imaging (ultrasonography, CT, MRI), and fine needle aspiration biopsy.

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  • Surgical extirpation as the primary treatment for benign salivary neoplasms.
  • Intraoperative vigilance and flexibility based on frozen section analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • Benign neoplasms typically present as slow-growing, painless, mobile masses.
    • Imaging often reveals well-circumscribed lesions without infiltrative patterns or adenopathy.
    • Fine needle aspiration biopsy can support a benign diagnosis.

    Conclusions:

    • Accurate diagnosis and complete surgical removal are crucial for benign salivary neoplasms.
    • The distinction between benign and malignant salivary masses can be challenging, necessitating surgical preparedness.
    • Evolving surgical techniques aim to preserve salivary function and minimize morbidity.