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Multimodal nonlinear microscopy of head and neck carcinoma - toward surgery assisting frozen section analysis
Sandro Heuke1,2, Olga Chernavskaia1,2, Thomas Bocklitz2
1Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany.
Background:
Treatment of early cancer stages is deeply connected to a good prognosis, a moderate reduction of the quality of life, and comparably low treatment costs.
Methods:
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas were investigated using the multimodal combination of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF), and second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy.
Results:
An increased median TPEF to CARS contrast was found comparing cancerous and healthy squamous epithelium with a p value of 1.8·10(-10) . A following comprehensive image analysis was able to predict the diagnosis of imaged tissue sections with an overall accuracy of 90% for a 4-class model.
Conclusion:
Nonlinear multimodal imaging is verified objectively as a valuable diagnostic tool that complements conventional staining protocols and can serve as filter in future clinical routine reducing the pathologist's workload. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: First-1552, 2016.
