Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing Varicocele Treatment with Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation
Published on: August 30, 2024
Testosterone and Varicocele
Russell P Hayden1, Cigdem Tanrikut1
1Department of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, GRB 1102, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Abstract:
Varicocele is defined as an excessive dilation of the pampiniform plexus. The association between varicocele and infertility has been well-established as evidenced by negative effects on spermatogenesis. Accumulating evidence now suggests that varicocele presents a pantesticular insult, with resultant impairment of Leydig cell function. The presence of a varicocele has been linked to lower serum testosterone levels and varicocelectomy may reverse some of the adverse effects on androgen production. In this review, the evidence linking varicoceles to impaired steroidogenesis and which cohorts of men may benefit most from varicocele repair are discussed.
Related Concept Videos
Testes: Histology
The spermatogenic cells, responsible for producing sperm, are...
Disorders of the Male Reproductive System
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra....
Testosterone: Functions and Regulation
Infertility in Males
Testes: Gross Anatomy
Each testis is surrounded by the tunica albuginea, a dense connective tissue layer that provides structural support and protection. This layer is covered by an outer serous membrane called the tunica vaginalis, which helps reduce friction...
Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

