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    This study introduces a novel method using a Young interferometer and multiple wavelengths to differentiate analytes by size. The technique successfully distinguishes between specific binding of larger particles and non-specific binding of smaller ones, enhancing sensor performance.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical sensing
    • Interferometry
    • Nanoparticle characterization

    Background:

    • Young interferometers are sensitive optical sensors.
    • Distinguishing between specific and non-specific binding is crucial for biosensing.
    • Analyte size can be a key differentiator.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a size-selective sensing method using a Young interferometer.
    • To differentiate analytes based on their physical dimensions.
    • To improve the specificity and performance of interferometric sensors.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a Young interferometer with multiple wavelengths.
    • Measuring sensor response to different sized analytes (85 nm beads, Protein A, D-glucose).
    • Employing theoretical and ratio-based analysis for discrimination.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully discriminated between bulk changes and particle binding.
    • Differentiated binding of 85 nm beads from ~2 nm Protein A in a blind test.
    • Demonstrated size-selectivity as a performance enhancer.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed method enables size-based analyte discrimination.
    • Size-selectivity significantly enhances Young interferometer performance.
    • This approach is applicable to various integrated optical interferometric sensors.