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Fabrication and Characterization of Optical Tissue Phantoms Containing Macrostructure
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Optical finger phantom with realistic optical properties.

Markus Wagner1,2, Christian Blum1,2, Alwin Kienle1,2

  • 1Institut fuer Lasertechnologien in der Medizin und Meßtechnik an der Universität Ulm, Helmholtzstraße 12, 89081 Ulm, Germany.

Biomedical Optics Express
|December 15, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a realistic silicone finger phantom with accurate optical and geometric properties. This advancement improves optical phantoms for better human tissue simulation in visible light applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Biomaterials Engineering

Background:

  • Current optical phantoms lack realistic optical and geometrical properties.
  • Accurate phantoms are crucial for simulating light-matter interactions in biological tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate a silicone finger phantom mimicking human finger optical and geometrical characteristics.
  • To precisely control absorption and reduced scattering coefficients in the visible wavelength range.

Main Methods:

  • Determined human finger optical properties using a custom inverse model and integrating sphere system.
  • Created a pigment database to reproduce target absorption spectra in silicone.
  • Controlled reduced scattering coefficient by adjusting zirconium dioxide particle concentration.
  • Utilized alginate molds for anatomically accurate finger geometry.

Main Results:

  • The fabricated silicone finger phantom demonstrated close matches in transmittance, reflectance, and anatomical shape compared to a human finger.
  • Achieved a ΔE2000 value of 0.85 between human and silicone finger reflectance spectra.
  • Observed good agreement in light propagation, visual appearance, and spatial light distribution under transmittance illumination.

Conclusions:

  • Developed a novel method for fabricating silicone finger phantoms with matched optical and anatomical properties.
  • The phantom serves as a realistic model for human finger optical properties.
  • This advancement has implications for optical imaging and sensing research involving fingers.