Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

13.9K
The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
13.9K
Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

49.7K
The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
49.7K
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

2.0K
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
2.0K
Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

13.9K
Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
13.9K
Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment01:22

Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment

1.2K
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
1.2K
Dementia01:30

Dementia

663
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
663

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Association of circulating leptin concentration with the risk of Clostridium difficile colitis and exploration of their associated mediators: A mendelian randomisation study.

Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology·2026
Same author

Low-pressure superconducting properties and the regulation mechanism of the ternary hydride Li<sub>2</sub>PbH<sub>4</sub>.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same author

Gut microbiome alterations are sex-dependently associated with brain abnormalities in a mouse model of Neurofibromatosis type I.

Molecular psychiatry·2026
Same author

Remote ischaemic conditioning in patients with supratentorial intracerebral haemorrhage (RICH-2): a multicentre, randomised, sham-controlled phase 3 trial in China.

EClinicalMedicine·2026
Same author

Distinct signatures in the human gut and oral microbiomes of gastric cancer.

Cell reports. Medicine·2026
Same author

Paternal high molecular weight poly I:C administration alters the sperm small non-coding RNA profile and offspring brain development and behavioural phenotype.

Brain, behavior, and immunity·2026
Same journal

Advances in the Application of Brain-Computer Interface-Based Neurofeedback Training in the Rehabilitation of Patients with Major Depressive Disorder.

Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment·2026
Same journal

Second-Generation Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics: A Comprehensive Assessment of Effectiveness, Safety, and Cost.

Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment·2026
Same journal

Resting-State EEG Characteristics of Tardive Dyskinesia: Spectral and Network Connectivity Insights.

Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment·2026
Same journal

Efficacy of Adjunctive Lumateperone 42 mg on Anhedonia and Across a Broad Range of Depressive Symptoms in Major Depressive Disorder: Post Hoc Analysis of a Phase 3, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment·2026
Same journal

Modifying Neuropsychiatric and Motor Trajectories in Huntington's Disease Through an Integrated Neurobehavioral Clinic Model.

Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment·2026
Same journal

Mini-Review: Allicin as a Potential Neuroprotective Compound in Neurological Disorders.

Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Olfactory Assays for Mouse Models of Neurodegenerative Disease
07:27

Olfactory Assays for Mouse Models of Neurodegenerative Disease

Published on: August 25, 2014

22.7K

Olfactory dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.

Yong-Ming Zou1, Da Lu1, Li-Ping Liu1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.

Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
|May 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Olfactory dysfunction, an early symptom of Alzheimer's disease (AD), may predict disease progression and conversion from cognitive impairment. Further research is needed for clinical applications of olfactory testing in AD.

Keywords:
Alzheimer’s diseaseolfactory dysfunctionolfactory testingprogress

More Related Videos

A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function
10:42

A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function

Published on: July 30, 2017

10.2K
Simple and Computer-assisted Olfactory Testing for Mice
06:40

Simple and Computer-assisted Olfactory Testing for Mice

Published on: June 15, 2015

10.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Olfactory Assays for Mouse Models of Neurodegenerative Disease
07:27

Olfactory Assays for Mouse Models of Neurodegenerative Disease

Published on: August 25, 2014

22.7K
A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function
10:42

A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function

Published on: July 30, 2017

10.2K
Simple and Computer-assisted Olfactory Testing for Mice
06:40

Simple and Computer-assisted Olfactory Testing for Mice

Published on: June 15, 2015

10.9K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder.
  • Olfactory dysfunction is frequently the earliest clinical manifestation of AD.
  • Olfactory deficits may serve as a biomarker for AD severity and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review research on olfactory dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.
  • To evaluate the predictive value of olfactory dysfunction for AD's epidemiological, pathophysiological, and clinical features.
  • To assess olfactory dysfunction's role in predicting the conversion of cognitive impairment to AD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on olfactory dysfunction and Alzheimer's disease.
  • Analysis of the predictive value of olfactory deficits in various AD contexts.
  • Identification of limitations in current research.

Main Results:

  • Olfactory dysfunction is a consistent early symptom in Alzheimer's disease.
  • Evidence suggests olfactory dysfunction can predict AD progression and clinical outcomes.
  • The predictive value extends to epidemiological, pathophysiological, and conversion aspects of AD.

Conclusions:

  • Olfactory dysfunction holds significant potential as an early diagnostic and prognostic marker for Alzheimer's disease.
  • Existing studies have limitations that require addressing for robust clinical application.
  • Further research is essential to refine olfactory testing for clinical use in AD management.