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Related Experiment Videos

The diaphragm.

C J Heaton1, M A Smith

  • 1University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor.

American Family Physician
|May 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diaphragm and spermicide use offers reliable pregnancy prevention and reduces some STD risks for motivated individuals. However, potential risks include urinary tract infections and nonoxynol-9 teratogenicity, with contraindications like pelvic organ prolapse.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Contraception
  • Infectious Disease Prevention

Background:

  • Diaphragm and spermicide is a widely used contraceptive method.
  • Motivated women utilize this method for pregnancy prevention.
  • This method may also reduce the risk of certain sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of diaphragm and spermicide for pregnancy prevention.
  • To assess the impact of this method on the risk of STDs.
  • To identify potential risks and contraindications associated with diaphragm and spermicide use.

Main Methods:

  • The study likely involved observational data or clinical trials assessing diaphragm and spermicide users.
  • Effectiveness in pregnancy prevention was measured.

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  • STD risk reduction and adverse events were monitored.

    • Main Results:

    • Diaphragm and spermicide provides effective contraception in motivated women.
    • A decreased risk for some STDs was observed.
    • Potential risks include urinary tract infections and teratogenic effects from nonoxynol-9.

    Conclusions:

    • Diaphragm and spermicide is an effective contraceptive option with added STD risk reduction benefits.
    • Healthcare providers should counsel patients on potential risks, including UTIs and nonoxynol-9 effects.
    • Contraindications such as significant pelvic organ prolapse and recurrent UTIs must be considered.