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Related Concept Videos

Parallel Processing01:20

Parallel Processing

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The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
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Spinal Cord: Information Processing01:10

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The spinal cord is an integral hub for motor and sensory information that enables the brain to communicate with the peripheral nervous system (PNS). This communication consists of relaying sensory data and transmission of motor commands.
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Sensory information processing begins at the sensory receptors located in the skin and other tissues, which detect somatic sensory stimuli such as touch, temperature, or pain. These receptors function as catalysts, initiating...
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The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
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Information processing speed in multiple sclerosis: Past, present, and future.

Silvana L Costa1, Helen M Genova1, John DeLuca2

  • 1Neuropsychology & Neuroscience Laboratory, Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, USA/Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.

Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)
|May 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Information processing speed (IPS) is a common cognitive issue in multiple sclerosis (MS). This review highlights inconsistent assessment methods and lack of theoretical models for IPS in MS research, proposing a new tri-factor model.

Keywords:
Multiple sclerosiscognitive assessmentprocessing speedworking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Clinical Neurology

Background:

  • Information processing speed (IPS) is a frequent cognitive deficit observed in multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Understanding IPS is crucial for managing MS-related functional impairments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize methods used for assessing IPS in MS.
  • To examine the theoretical conceptualization of IPS within MS research.
  • To identify gaps and propose future directions for IPS research in MS.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic PubMed search was conducted for articles published between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2013.
  • 157 articles were included in the review, focusing on the assessment and conceptualization of IPS in MS.
  • Analysis involved evaluating the heterogeneity of assessment tools and the reporting of confounding variables.

Main Results:

  • A significant heterogeneity in assessment methods was observed, with 62 different tasks used across studies.
  • Only a small percentage of studies (9.6%) defined IPS, and 22.3% related it to a theoretical model.
  • While common confounders like age and education were often controlled, crucial variables such as relapses and visual problems were frequently neglected.

Conclusions:

  • There is a need for consensus on standardized assessment methods for IPS in MS.
  • Clarifying the definition and theoretical underpinnings of IPS is essential for future research.
  • A proposed tri-factor model of IPS is introduced to guide future conceptualization and research in MS.