Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Caspases01:24

Caspases

14.5K
Caspase, a family of cysteine proteases, serve as effectors in apoptosis. The ced3 gene in C.elegans was first identified to be involved in apoptosis. This gene encodes the ced-3 caspase that is similar to the interleukin-1-beta converting enzyme or ICE in mammals. In addition to apoptosis, caspases also function in the inflammatory response. Inflammatory caspases are essential in activating pro-inflammatory cytokines that recruit immune cells and block the replication of pathogens inside...
14.5K
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:31

The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

9.1K
Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
9.1K
The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:17

The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

9.2K
The extrinsic apoptotic pathway is initiated when extracellular death-inducing signals, such as specific cytokines, activate the death receptors expressed on the cell surface. The immune cells involved in this pathway are natural killer cells (NK cells) and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. NK cells are critical in innate immune response, while cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are associated with adaptive immune response. These cells recognize specific receptors expressed on the altered cells and activate...
9.2K
Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells01:17

Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells

5.5K
Cells undergoing apoptosis form apoptotic bodies that must be removed immediately to prevent inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and necrosis. Phagocytosis is carried out by professional phagocytes such as macrophages or  immature dendritic cells. Non-professional phagocytes such as  epithelial cells and fibroblasts also take part in this process; however, they are not as effective as professional phagocytes. 
Normal cells contain receptors that prevent them from being recognized...
5.5K
Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

63.9K
Overview
63.9K
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

10.3K
The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...
10.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

NLRP6 drives cutaneous wound healing during Staphylococcus aureus infection in mice.

Life sciences·2026
Same author

cGAS-STING dependent type I IFN reduces Leptospira interrogans renal colonization in mice.

PLoS pathogens·2026
Same author

Antimicrobial treatment ameliorates delirium-like phenotypes in a murine model of urinary tract infection.

Translational psychiatry·2025
Same author

cGAS-STING dependent type I IFN protects against <i>Leptospira interrogans</i> renal colonization in mice.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by autophagy and mitophagy.

Immunological reviews·2024
Same author

Gasdermin D and Gasdermin E Are Dispensable for Silica-Mediated IL-1β Secretion from Mouse Macrophages.

ImmunoHorizons·2024
Same journal

Tracking Synthetic Adhesins on Bacterial Surfaces with Immunofluorescence Microscopy.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Post-Selection Methods for Analyzing mRNA Display Selections and Optimization of Hits.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

High-Performance Computing in Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS) Peptide Identification.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Engineering and Adapting Disulfide-Containing Proteins to Enable Intracellular Functionality.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

AI-Driven Protein Research: From Prediction to Design.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Methods for the In Vitro Selection of Protein and Peptide Libraries Using mRNA Display.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 20, 2026

Detection of Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptotic Cell Death in Murine Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages
06:52

Detection of Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptotic Cell Death in Murine Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages

Published on: May 21, 2018

11.3K

Atypical Inflammasomes.

Ann M Janowski1, Fayyaz S Sutterwala2,3,4

  • 1Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|May 26, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pattern recognition receptors initiate immune responses by forming inflammasomes, multiprotein complexes that activate caspase-1. This review highlights atypical inflammasomes beyond well-known NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC4, and AIM2, focusing on IFI16, NLRP6, NLRP7, NLRP12, and NLRC5.

Keywords:
Caspase-1InflammasomeNLR

More Related Videos

Visualization of Inflammatory Caspases Induced Proximity in Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages
08:41

Visualization of Inflammatory Caspases Induced Proximity in Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages

Published on: April 6, 2022

3.2K
Activation and Measurement of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity Using IL-1&#946; in Human Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells
09:04

Activation and Measurement of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity Using IL-1β in Human Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells

Published on: May 22, 2014

21.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 20, 2026

Detection of Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptotic Cell Death in Murine Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages
06:52

Detection of Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptotic Cell Death in Murine Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages

Published on: May 21, 2018

11.3K
Visualization of Inflammatory Caspases Induced Proximity in Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages
08:41

Visualization of Inflammatory Caspases Induced Proximity in Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages

Published on: April 6, 2022

3.2K
Activation and Measurement of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity Using IL-1&#946; in Human Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells
09:04

Activation and Measurement of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity Using IL-1β in Human Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells

Published on: May 22, 2014

21.5K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Signaling

Background:

  • Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are crucial for detecting pathogen- and host-derived danger signals.
  • Members of the NLR and PYHIN families are key PRRs involved in innate immunity.
  • Certain PRRs assemble into multiprotein complexes called inflammasomes, leading to caspase-1 activation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the structure and function of atypical inflammasomes.
  • To highlight PRRs beyond the well-characterized NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC4, and AIM2 inflammasomes.
  • To discuss the proposed roles of IFI16, NLRP6, NLRP7, NLRP12, and NLRC5 in inflammasome formation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on inflammasome components.
  • Analysis of proposed atypical inflammasome-forming molecules.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on PRR-mediated signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • Several PRRs, including IFI16, NLRP6, NLRP7, NLRP12, and NLRC5, have been implicated in forming inflammasomes under specific conditions.
  • These atypical inflammasomes expand our understanding of innate immune sensing.
  • The precise mechanisms and functions of these less-characterized inflammasomes require further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • The inflammasome field is expanding beyond canonical NLR and AIM2 complexes.
  • Atypical inflammasomes involving IFI16 and other NLRs represent important targets for future research.
  • Understanding these diverse inflammasomes is critical for developing novel immunotherapies.