A normative study of step vergence in elementary schoolchildren

The purpose of this study was to develop normative data for step vergence testing in children age 6-12. Such data are not currently available for this age group. Base-in and base-out step vergence testing with a prism bar was performed on 386 elementary schoolchildren who had all passed a modified clinical technique (MCT) screening. A new polarized target was developed which enabled us to detect suppression, as well as diplopia or blur. The findings suggest significant differences from normative data previously reported for adults. Because the data for 6-year-olds were different from the rest of the group, we suggest that lower norms be used for this age group. This study provides expected findings for step vergence testing outside the phoropter, which can be used clinically for the assessment of disparity vergence ranges in young children.