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[Traveller's diarrhoea].
Jordi Vila1, Ines Oliveira2, Yuliya Zboromyrska1
1ISGlobal, Barcelona Centre for International Health Research (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, España.
Enfermedades Infecciosas Y Microbiologia Clinica
|May 29, 2016
Summary
Traveller's diarrhoea (TD) is a common illness from contaminated food or water, often caused by E. coli or Campylobacter. This review details its causes, risks, and prevention strategies for travelers.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Epidemiology
- Travel Medicine
Background:
- Traveller's diarrhoea (TD) is acquired by ingesting contaminated food and drinks.
- Pathogens include bacteria, protozoa, helminths, and viruses, with E. coli and Campylobacter being most common globally.
- TD predominantly affects travelers to low-middle income countries.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an updated microbiological, epidemiological, and clinical profile of traveller's diarrhoea.
- To outline known risk factors associated with acquiring TD.
- To offer recommendations for the prevention and treatment of TD.
Main Methods:
- This article is a review of existing literature on traveller's diarrhoea.
- It synthesizes microbiological, epidemiological, and clinical data.
- Risk factors and treatment guidelines are discussed based on current knowledge.
Main Results:
- Most TD cases are caused by enterotoxigenic and enteroaggregative E. coli, and Campylobacter.
- Risk factors include travel destination, duration, traveler's age, and health status.
- While typically self-limiting, TD can cause activity limitations and potential complications in up to 10% of cases.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the microbiological and epidemiological factors of TD is crucial for prevention.
- Identifying individual risk factors can help mitigate TD acquisition.
- Updated recommendations for prevention and treatment are essential for public health and traveler well-being.
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