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Active pulmonary tuberculosis: Role for amikacin in early treatment

F Méchaï1, J Figoni1, C Leblanc1

  • 1CHU Avicenne, Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, 93000 Bobigny, France.

Medecine Et Maladies Infectieuses
|May 29, 2016
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Adding amikacin to standard tuberculosis treatment did not shorten the time to sputum smear conversion in patients. This suggests amikacin may not improve early infectiousness during initial treatment for tuberculosis.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge.
  • Sputum conversion is a key indicator of treatment efficacy and reduced contagiousness.
  • Amikacin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic with activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of amikacin on sputum smear conversion time in patients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis.
  • To evaluate if adding amikacin to standard treatment shortens the period of infectiousness.

Main Methods:

  • A single-center observational cohort study was conducted between 2012 and 2013.
  • Patients received either standard treatment (ST) or standard treatment plus amikacin (STamK) for seven days.
  • Time to sputum smear conversion was the primary outcome measured.

Main Results:

  • The median time to sputum smear conversion was 26.5 days for the ST group (n=30) and 48 days for the STamK group (n=15), with no statistically significant difference (P=0.76).
  • Time to negative culture results was also analyzed, showing a median of 47.5 days for ST and 40 days for STamK, though data was available for fewer patients.
  • The study included 45 patients in total.

Conclusions:

  • The addition of amikacin to standard tuberculosis treatment did not appear to influence the time to sputum smear conversion.
  • The findings suggest that amikacin may not significantly reduce the period of contagiousness in the initial phase of TB treatment.
  • Further research with larger sample sizes is warranted to confirm these observations.
Keywords:
AmikacinAmikacineIsolationIsolementTuberculoseTuberculosis

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