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The shape of a small drop of liquid can be considered spherical, neglecting the effect of gravity. This drop can further be considered as two equal hemispherical drops put together due to surface tension. The forces acting on the spherical drop are due to the pressure of the liquid inside the drop, the pressure due to air outside the drop, and the force due to the surface tension acting on the two hemispherical drops.
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Hidden Nanobubbles in Undersaturated Liquids.

Zhenjiang Guo1, Yawei Liu1, Qianxiang Xiao1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029, China.

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|June 3, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists theoretically propose hidden nanobubbles in undersaturated liquids. These nanobubbles, with negative curvature, are stabilized by contact line pinning and are sensitive to size, not substrate chemistry.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Nanobubbles are typically studied in supersaturated liquids and possess a positive curvature.
  • Characterizing nanobubbles, especially those hidden within substrate textures, presents experimental challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically propose the existence of a new type of nanobubble in undersaturated liquids.
  • To investigate the properties and stability of these novel nanobubbles.
  • To explore their potential formation scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of nanobubble formation and stability.
  • Analysis of interfacial curvature and contact angle thermodynamics.
  • Investigation of factors influencing nanobubble properties, such as size, chemical potential, and substrate interactions.

Main Results:

  • Theoretical evidence for the existence of nanobubbles with a concave, negative curvature interface in undersaturated liquids.
  • These 'hidden' nanobubbles are thermodynamically metastable and stabilized by contact line pinning.
  • Nanobubble contact angle is more sensitive to nanobubble size than substrate chemistry.
  • Curvature radius depends on chemical potential, independent of base radius.

Conclusions:

  • The study theoretically establishes a new class of nanobubbles in undersaturated liquids.
  • Hidden nanobubbles possess unique characteristics regarding interface curvature and stability.
  • Understanding these nanobubbles may open new avenues in nanotechnology and surface science.