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Did LIGO Detect Dark Matter?

Simeon Bird1, Ilias Cholis1, Julian B Muñoz1

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Primordial black holes (PBHs) within a specific mass range may constitute dark matter. Merging PBHs detected by LIGO could explain dark matter, distinguishable by their mass spectrum and gravitational wave signals.

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Area of Science:

  • Astrophysics
  • Cosmology
  • Gravitational Wave Astronomy

Background:

  • The LIGO detection of a black-hole (BH) binary opens possibilities for understanding dark matter.
  • A specific mass window (20M_{⊙}≲M_{bh}≲100M_{⊙}) exists where primordial black holes (PBHs) could be the dominant form of dark matter.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that LIGO's observed black-hole binary mergers are a signature of dark matter.
  • To explore the potential of PBHs as dark matter candidates based on their merger rates and characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzing the gravitational wave emission from binary black hole interactions in galactic halos.
  • Estimating merger rates of PBHs and comparing them with LIGO's observed event rates (e.g., GW150914).
  • Identifying potential observational differences between PBH mergers and those from conventional astrophysical sources.

Main Results:

  • PBH mergers in galactic halos can produce gravitational waves, leading to inspiral and eventual merger.
  • Estimated merger rates for PBHs overlap with the observed rates from LIGO, supporting the PBH dark matter hypothesis.
  • PBH mergers are predicted to have distinct spatial distributions and lack optical/neutrino counterparts compared to stellar-origin BHs.

Conclusions:

  • The LIGO detection of black-hole binaries presents a plausible scenario for PBH dark matter.
  • Distinguishing PBH mergers from astrophysical black hole mergers may be possible through mass spectrum analysis, high ellipticities, and stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds.
  • Future experiments are crucial for verifying the nature of dark matter and testing the PBH merger hypothesis.