Connexin 43 expression is associated with poor survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Connexin 43 (Cx43) is an important gap junction protein in vertebrates, which has been reported to function as a tumor suppressor in a number of organs. However, the mechanism underlying the effect of Cx43 on tumor progression remains unknown, with only a limited number of studies reporting on the role of Cx43 in esophageal cancer. In the present study, Cx43 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining and the associations between Cx43 expression and clinicopathological characteristics or prognosis were evaluated. Cx43 was expressed at a high frequency in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Of the 98 ESCC cases investigated, positivity for Cx43 was observed in 62 cases (63.26%). In patients with high Cx43 expression, the survival rates were significantly reduced compared with those in patients with low Cx43 expression. Moreover, the overexpression of Cx43, as measured by immunohistochemistry, was an independent prognostic indicator of ESCC. Thus, our data indicated that Cx43 may be a candidate molecular prognostic marker and molecular target for the development of an effective therapeutic intervention for patients with esophageal cancer.