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Related Concept Videos

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
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EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research01:21

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Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
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Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model
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iPSCs: On the Road to Reprogramming Aging.

Clara Soria-Valles1, Carlos López-Otín1

  • 1Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain.

Trends in Molecular Medicine
|June 12, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cellular reprogramming can reverse aging features, offering hope for age-related diseases. Research explores using induced pluripotent stem cells to understand and treat conditions like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

Keywords:
Alzheimer's diseaseParkinson's diseaseiPSCsprogeria

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Efficient iPS Cell Generation from Blood Using Episomes and HDAC Inhibitors
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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Stem Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology and Genetics

Background:

  • Aging involves irreversible loss of physiological integrity and function, increasing mortality risk.
  • Defects in cellular homeostasis mechanisms can accelerate aging processes.
  • Somatic cell reprogramming demonstrates potential for reversing age-associated cellular changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in generating human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) from aging and age-related disease models.
  • To highlight the utility of these cellular models in understanding pathologies and developing therapies.
  • To discuss strategies for overcoming reprogramming barriers in age-related disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of hiPSCs from patients with progeroid syndromes and late-onset neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's, Parkinson's).
  • Analysis of cellular phenotypes and molecular mechanisms underlying aging and disease in hiPSC models.
  • Identification and characterization of age-associated reprogramming barriers.

Main Results:

  • hiPSC models derived from aging and disease contexts provide insights into disease mechanisms.
  • Reprogramming can erase specific age-related cellular features, indicating rejuvenation potential.
  • Understanding reprogramming barriers is crucial for therapeutic applications.

Conclusions:

  • Human iPSCs from aging and disease models are valuable tools for studying age-related disorders.
  • Targeting reprogramming barriers may facilitate the development of novel treatments for age-related diseases.
  • Cellular reprogramming holds promise for therapeutic interventions in gerontology.