Multifunctional Flow-injection Biosensor for the Simultaneous Measurement of Creatinine, Glucose, and Urea

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Analytical Chemistry
• Biosensor Technology

Background:

• Simultaneous analysis of multiple biomarkers like creatinine, glucose, and urea is crucial for efficient clinical diagnostics.
• Existing methods often require multiple sample injections or detectors, increasing complexity and time.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and validate a flow-injection biosensor system for the simultaneous amperometric detection of creatinine, glucose, and urea.
• To achieve a simplified analytical procedure with a single sample injection and detector.

Main Methods:

• A flow-injection system with three sequentially aligned enzyme reactors (urease, creatinine deiminase/glutamate dehydrogenase/L-glutamate oxidase) and an oxygen electrode detector was designed.
• Triple peak recording was achieved using delay coils in specific channels.
• Coupled enzymatic reactions formed the basis for amperometric detection.

Main Results:

• Linear calibration curves were obtained for creatinine (0.2-5 mM), glucose (0.2-10 mM), and urea (0.5-20 mM).
• The system demonstrated high reproducibility with a relative standard deviation of 5-8%.
• Each assay was completed rapidly, within 4 minutes per run.

Conclusions:

• The developed amperometric flow-injection biosensor system provides a simple, rapid, and reproducible method for simultaneous determination of creatinine, glucose, and urea.
• This integrated biosensor platform holds potential for efficient clinical monitoring and diagnostics.