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Can delusions be understood linguistically?

Wolfram Hinzen1,2,3,4,5, Joana Rosselló2, Peter McKenna3,4

  • 1a Catalan Institute for Advanced Studies and Research (ICREA) , Departament de Traducció i Ciències del Llenguatge, Universitat Pompeu Fabra , Barcelona , Spain.

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Delusions may stem from a loss of meaning within language, not separate thought processes. This cognitive-linguistic view explains why delusions are false and fixed, offering new insights into psychiatric conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Philosophy of Mind

Background:

  • Delusions are a core symptom in psychiatric disorders, often linked to cognitive dysfunction.
  • The precise cognitive mechanisms underlying delusions remain poorly understood.
  • Existing theories struggle to fully explain the nature and conviction of delusional beliefs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and explore the "un-Cartesian" cognitive-linguistic hypothesis for delusions.
  • To explain the falsity and fantastic nature of delusions through linguistic concepts.
  • To account for the fixed conviction and lack of justification in delusional beliefs.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis based on a cognitive-linguistic framework.
  • Reinterpretation of delusion formation through concepts of propositional meaning and linguistic embedding.
  • Comparison with existing theories, such as Frith's meta-representation theory.

Main Results:

  • Delusions are argued to result from a loss of propositional meaning, explaining their falsity and impossibility.
  • Failure of linguistic embedding is proposed to account for the fixed conviction and poor justification of delusions.
  • The hypothesis offers a novel linguistic perspective on the nature of delusions.

Conclusions:

  • The un-Cartesian linguistic approach provides a parsimonious explanation for key features of delusions.
  • This framework may illuminate aspects of schizophrenia and monothematic delusions.
  • It contributes to the ongoing debate regarding the epistemic status of delusions.