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Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

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Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
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Toxoplasmosis Neuroretinitis: A Case Report.

Nasser Shoeibi1, Seyedeh Maryam Hosseini2, Razie Bayani3

  • 1Retina Research Center, Khatam-Al-Anbia Eye Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran.

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Summary

Toxoplasmosis can cause neuroretinitis (NR), an uncommon inflammatory eye condition. Prompt anti-toxoplasmosis treatment led to favorable outcomes in a rare case of a young girl with visual loss.

Keywords:
NeuroretinitisOcular ToxoplasmosisOptic Neuropathy

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Neuroretinitis (NR) is an inflammatory condition of the eye characterized by optic disc edema and a macular star figure.
  • Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic infection that can present atypically as neuroretinitis, though such cases are rare.

Observation:

  • A 13-year-old girl presented with painless, subacute visual loss in her right eye.
  • Clinical evaluation led to a diagnosis of toxoplasmic neuroretinitis.

Findings:

  • The patient's neuroretinitis responded favorably to standard anti-toxoplasmosis therapy.
  • Resolution of optic disc edema was followed by the appearance of a juxtapapillary retinochoroidal scar.

Implications:

  • This case highlights that toxoplasmosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of neuroretinitis, even if rare.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment of toxoplasmic neuroretinitis can lead to positive visual outcomes.