Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation02:39

Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation

22.0K
The physical form of a substance changes on changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. Vaporization occurs when the thermal motion of the molecules overcome the intermolecular forces, and the molecules (at the surface) escape into the gaseous state. When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules...
22.0K
Phase Transitions01:21

Phase Transitions

38
A phase transition is the process in which a substance changes from one state of matter to another, like from a solid to a liquid, liquid to gas, or vice versa, at a specific temperature and under given pressure conditions. This change is spontaneous and is affected by alterations in temperature and pressure. These parameters impact the strength of the forces between molecules (intermolecular forces) in the substance.During a phase transition, both the initial and final phases of the substance...
38
Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

23.6K
Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
23.6K
Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition02:33

Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition

20.7K
Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublimate at temperatures below the melting point of water, a slow process that may be accelerated by winds and the reduced atmospheric pressures at high altitudes. When solid iodine is warmed, the solid sublimes...
20.7K
States of Matter and Phase Changes00:59

States of Matter and Phase Changes

5.2K
The internal energy of a substance—the total kinetic energy of all its molecules and the potential energy of their associated forces—depends on the strength of the intermolecular forces in the condensed phases and the pressure exerted on the substance. The internal energy of a substance is the highest in the gaseous state, the lowest in the solid state, and intermediate in the liquid state. Phase transitions are caused by changes in physical conditions, such as temperature and...
5.2K
Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing02:39

Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing

15.5K
Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
15.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Observation of Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universal scaling in two dimensions.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Five decades of seasonal phytoplankton succession examined with principal traits-An approach linking composition to function.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Numerical Renormalization of Glassy Dynamics.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

From Kardar-Parisi-Zhang Scaling to Soliton Proliferation in Josephson Junction Arrays.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

Designing Open Quantum Systems for Enabling Quantum-Enhanced Sensing through Classical Measurements.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Topological Response in Open Quantum Systems with Weak Symmetries.

Physical review letters·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 18, 2026

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
09:23

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

15.1K

Absorbing State Phase Transition with Competing Quantum and Classical Fluctuations.

Matteo Marcuzzi1, Michael Buchhold2, Sebastian Diehl2

  • 1School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters
|July 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Quantum fluctuations in open spin models can change phase transitions from second to first order. This study explores these quantum effects and proposes experimental verification using Rydberg atoms.

More Related Videos

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

10.5K
Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
11:21

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

Published on: March 30, 2017

8.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 18, 2026

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
09:23

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

15.1K
Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

10.5K
Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
11:21

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

Published on: March 30, 2017

8.0K

Area of Science:

  • * Quantum physics
  • * Statistical mechanics
  • * Condensed matter theory

Background:

  • * Stochastic processes with absorbing states are key to understanding nonequilibrium phenomena.
  • * The classical behavior of these systems is well-understood, but quantum effects remain largely unexplored.
  • * Directed percolation is a significant classical phase transition in such systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate the impact of quantum fluctuations on directed percolation phase transitions in an open quantum spin model.
  • * To determine how quantum effects alter the nature of the transition compared to its classical counterpart.
  • * To identify and characterize novel critical points arising from the interplay of classical and quantum dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • * Theoretical analysis of an open quantum spin model.
  • * Mapping the system to a nonequilibrium field theory.
  • * Investigating the role of quantum fluctuations from coherent spin flips.

Main Results:

  • * Introduction of quantum fluctuations transforms the second-order phase transition into a first-order one.
  • * A novel bicritical point emerges where classical and quantum dynamics coexist.
  • * This bicritical point exhibits universal features distinct from the standard directed percolation universality class.

Conclusions:

  • * Quantum fluctuations fundamentally alter the critical behavior of systems exhibiting directed percolation.
  • * The identified bicritical point offers a new avenue for studying universal physics in quantum systems.
  • * Gases of interacting Rydberg atoms present a promising experimental platform for observing this quantum-driven phase transition.