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Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds...
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Induction and Validation of Cellular Senescence in Primary Human Cells
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Cellular lifespan and senescence: a complex balance between multiple cellular pathways.

David Dolivo1, Sarah Hernandez1, Tanja Dominko1

  • 1Biology and Biotechnology Department, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA.

Bioessays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology
|July 16, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cellular senescence and proliferative lifespan are crucial for understanding aging and disease. Research into these complex pathways may unlock new therapies for tissue regeneration and age-related conditions.

Keywords:
antioxidantslifespanmetabolismsenescence

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Cellular senescence and proliferative lifespan are increasingly vital due to applications in autologous cell therapy and disease modeling.
  • Senescent cell phenotypes are implicated in age-related diseases like sarcopenia, diabetes, and cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explain the concepts of proliferative cellular lifespan and cellular senescence.
  • To review factors mediating cellular lifespan and their molecular mechanisms.
  • To highlight the complexity and therapeutic potential of understanding these pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on cellular lifespan and senescence.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms from fields including telomere biology, metabolism, NAD(+) and sirtuin biology, growth factor signaling, and oxygen/antioxidants.

Main Results:

  • Cellular lifespan and senescence are regulated by numerous independent and interdependent pathways.
  • Factors influencing cellular lifespan positively and negatively have been identified.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the complex interplay of pathways governing cellular lifespan and senescence is key.
  • This knowledge may lead to effective therapies for tissue regeneration and age-related diseases driven by senescent cells.