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Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Transthoracic Speckle Tracking Echocardiography for the Quantitative Assessment of Left Ventricular Myocardial Deformation
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Three-Dimensional Rotation, Twist and Torsion Analyses Using Real-Time 3D Speckle Tracking Imaging: Feasibility,

Li Zhang1,2, Jing Zhang1, Wei Han1

  • 1Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Plos One
|July 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Real-time 3D speckle-tracking echocardiography (RT3DSTE) is feasible and reproducible for assessing left ventricular (LV) rotation, twist, and torsion in children. While LV rotation and twist show no age-related changes, torsion gradually decreases with age in this pediatric cohort.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pediatric cardiology
  • Medical imaging

Background:

  • Assessing left ventricular (LV) function in children is crucial for diagnosing and managing heart conditions.
  • Real-time 3D speckle-tracking echocardiography (RT3DSTE) offers a novel approach to evaluate LV mechanics.
  • Previous studies have not fully established the feasibility, reproducibility, and maturational changes of LV rotation, twist, and torsion using RT3DSTE in pediatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility, reproducibility, and maturational changes of LV rotation, twist, and torsion using RT3DSTE in healthy children.
  • To establish normal ranges for these parameters across different age groups.
  • To determine the potential of RT3DSTE for quantitative assessment of pediatric heart diseases.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 347 healthy children (birth to 18 years) was conducted using RT 3D echocardiography (3DE).
  • LV rotation, twist, and torsion were measured off-line using specialized software with manual landmark selection and semi-automated tracking.
  • Feasibility was assessed based on successful measurement acquisition, and reproducibility was evaluated through intra- and inter-observer variability analyses.

Main Results:

  • RT3DSTE analysis of LV rotation, twist, and torsion was feasible in 88.5% of the subjects.
  • No significant correlation was found between LV rotation or twist and age, height, weight, BSA, or heart rate.
  • A modest but statistically significant correlation was observed between LV torsion and age, with torsion decreasing as age increased. Intra- and inter-observer variabilities ranged from 7.3% to 15.7%.

Conclusions:

  • RT3DSTE is a feasible and reproducible method for assessing LV rotation, twist, and torsion in the pediatric population.
  • LV rotation and twist do not exhibit maturational changes in children, whereas LV torsion shows a decrease with age.
  • Further research is needed to validate RT3DSTE for sensitive and quantitative evaluation of congenital and acquired pediatric heart diseases.