Control devices for electrically powered wheelchairs: prevalence, defining characteristics and user perspectives

Area of Science:

• Rehabilitation Engineering
• Assistive Technology
• User-Centered Design

Background:

• Electrically powered wheelchairs (EPWs) are crucial mobility devices for individuals with severe physical impairments.
• Understanding the characteristics and user satisfaction with EPW control devices is essential for optimizing their use and improving user quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the prevalence of different control devices used by EPW users.
• To identify characteristic features of these control devices and gather user perspectives on their utility.
• To inform prescribers and manufacturers about user needs and potential improvements for EPW control systems.

Main Methods:

• A postal survey was conducted among 262 adult users of a regional National Health Service (NHS) wheelchair service.
• A purpose-designed questionnaire was utilized to collect data on demographics, EPW usage, control device type, and user experiences.
• Data analysis focused on prevalence, user satisfaction, and reported limitations or adverse incidents.

Main Results:

• Hand joysticks were the predominant control device (94.6%), with chin joysticks, switches, and foot controls being less common.
• A significant proportion of users (42.4%) reported fatigue or tiredness, and 38.8% experienced pain or discomfort, limiting their EPW use.
• Accidents or mishaps were reported by 28.0% of users, often related to maneuvering difficulties or accidental activation of the hand joystick.

Conclusions:

• While most EPW users express satisfaction with their current control devices, a notable percentage experience limitations due to physical discomfort or fatigue.
• Adjustments, modifications, or alternative control device types may benefit some users to enhance usability and safety.
• Prescribers and manufacturers should consider user-reported limitations and adverse incident data to guide the selection and design of appropriate EPW control systems.