[INFUSION THERAPY IN RECONSTRUCTIVE MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY]

Restricted infusion strategy in combination with antifibrinolytic agents such as aprotinin and tranexamic acid is effective for blood saving in maxillofacial surgery. But reduction of infusion volume can lead to intraoperative hypovolemia. The goal of this study was to assess compensative effect of different regimes of infusion therapy and antifibrinolytics on intraoperative volume status and electrolyte balance in reconstructive maxillofacial surgery.

65 patients were included in the study. There were 4 groups: (1) Infusion rate 8-12 mg/kg/h and acute normo/hypervolemic hemodilution; (2) 4-6 mg/kg/h and aprotinin 500,000 - 100,000 IU/4 hours; 3.6-8 mg/kg/h and tranexamic acid 8-10 mg/kg every 4 hours; 4.6-8 mg/kg/h and tranexamic acid 8-10 mg/kg every 4 hours and regional analgesia offacial nerves. We assessed parameters of central hemodynamic, peripheral perfusion, water-electrolyte balance and acid-base status.

Different infusion strategies were effective in maintaining positive volume balance despite intraoperative blood loss and continuous diuresis. Hypovolemia or peripheral perfusion insufficiency weren't mentioned in the study. Water-electrolyte and acid-base balance was also secured in every case. Nevertheless, CVP and diuresis in the group with infusion rate 4-6 ml/kg/h were near the critical threshold and could be dangerous in poorly controlled intraoperative bleeding.

The optimal infusion rate for surgical interventions in reconstructive maxillofacial surgery is 6-8 ml/kg/h. Infusion rate 8-12 ml/kg/h can potentially lead to dilutional coagulopathy and thus to increase the volume of blood loss. Infusion rate 4-6 ml/kg/h is associated with relative risk of hypovolemia and can't be recommended.