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[Hypertension during pregnancy: Epidemiology, definition]
1Hôpital E.-Herriot, université C.-Bernard-Lyon 1, service de néphrologie, hypertension et dialyse, 69437 Lyon, France.
Presse Medicale (Paris, France : 1983)
|August 2, 2016
Summary
Hypertension in pregnancy encompasses various forms like chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome, and eclampsia. These conditions significantly contribute to maternal morbidity and mortality.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Perinatology
Background:
- Hypertension in pregnancy presents diverse forms with distinct mechanisms and maternal-fetal consequences.
- Chronic hypertension predates pregnancy or occurs before 20 weeks, defined by SBP≥140mm Hg or DBP≥90mm Hg.
- Gestational hypertension arises after 20 weeks, while preeclampsia involves hypertension with proteinuria.
Purpose of the Study:
- To delineate the various classifications of hypertension in pregnancy.
- To outline the diagnostic criteria for each hypertensive disorder.
- To highlight the epidemiological prevalence and clinical significance of these conditions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of established definitions for hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.
- Compilation of epidemiological data on the incidence of different hypertension types.
- Summary of clinical manifestations and diagnostic markers.
Main Results:
- Chronic hypertension affects 1-5% of pregnancies.
- Gestational hypertension occurs in 5-6% of pregnancies.
- Preeclampsia develops in 1-2% of pregnancies, rising to 34% with risk factors.
Conclusions:
- Hypertension in pregnancy, including preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome, is a major cause of maternal mortality and morbidity.
- Timely diagnosis and management are crucial for improving maternal and fetal outcomes.
- Understanding the different forms of hypertension is essential for effective clinical care.
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