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Mortality in people with intellectual disabilities in England
G Glover1, R Williams2, P Heslop3
1Learning Disabilities Observatory Team, Public Health England, Cambridge, UK.
Journal of Intellectual Disability Research : JIDR
|August 5, 2016
Summary
People with intellectual disabilities (ID) have significantly higher mortality rates and a 19.7-year lower life expectancy than the general population. Key causes of death include circulatory diseases, respiratory diseases, and neoplasms, highlighting areas for public health intervention.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Disability Studies
Background:
- People with intellectual disabilities (ID) experience premature mortality compared to the general population.
- Nationally representative mortality data for individuals with ID in England has been lacking.
- Understanding excess mortality patterns is crucial for targeted public health strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify the extent and pattern of excess mortality in people with ID in England.
- To compare mortality rates and causes of death between individuals with and without ID.
- To provide a basis for public health interventions and monitoring.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD GOLD) from April 2010 to March 2014.
- Linked GP records identifying individuals with ID to national death certification data.
- Calculated standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and life expectancy for people with and without ID.
Main Results:
- Mortality rates were significantly higher for people with ID (all-cause SMR 3.18).
- Life expectancy at birth was 19.7 years lower for individuals with ID.
- Circulatory diseases, respiratory diseases, and neoplasms were leading causes of death; specific conditions like cerebrovascular disease and epilepsy showed elevated SMRs.
Conclusions:
- National mortality data for people with ID can inform public health interventions.
- Current GP identification of ID in England is low, potentially missing mild or non-syndromic cases.
- Health promotion initiatives should focus on cardiovascular risk factors, epilepsy, dysphagia, thrombotic risks, and colorectal screening.
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