Calibration of the complex matrix effects on the sampling of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in milk samples using...

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Environmental Science

Background:

• Solid phase microextraction (SPME) is a widely used technique for sample analysis.
• Complex matrices, such as milk, can interfere with SPME by altering analyte absorption and kinetics, potentially leading to inaccurate quantification.
• Developing robust SPME methods for complex matrices is crucial for reliable analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and validate a calibration method for analyzing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in complex milk samples using SPME.
• To investigate the impact of milk's complex matrix on SPME sampling processes and optimize sampling conditions.
• To enhance the reliability and efficiency of SPME for PAH determination in food matrices.

Main Methods:

• Utilized pre-equilibrium solid-phase microextraction (PE-SPME) to mitigate matrix effects and extend coating lifespan.
• Investigated the influence of sampling time, temperature, and dilution factor on PAH extraction efficiency in milk.
• Optimized sampling parameters including a 10-minute exposure time at 85°C with a dilution factor of 20.

Main Results:

• Shortened exposure time (PE-SPME) effectively increased coating durability.
• Milk matrix components significantly impacted SPME sampling kinetics.
• Achieved low limits of detection (LODs) of 0.1-0.8 ng/mL and limits of quantification (LOQs) of 1.4-4.7 ng/mL for PAHs.
• Method validation demonstrated high accuracy with recoveries ranging from 75% to 110%.

Conclusions:

• The developed PE-SPME method is feasible and accurate for quantifying PAHs in complex milk samples.
• Optimized sampling conditions and the PE-SPME approach effectively address matrix interferences.
• The validated method provides a reliable tool for screening PAHs in milk products, ensuring food safety.