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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

2.1K
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

1.7K
Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
1.7K
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

846
The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
846
Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

3.3K
Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which...
3.3K
Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types01:27

Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types

3.1K
Gastritis, defined by the inflammation or irritation of the stomach lining or gastric mucosa, manifests in several distinct forms: acute, chronic, reactive, and a specific subtype known as autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis.
Acute gastritis presents as a sudden inflammation triggered by various stressors to the stomach lining, such as exposure to corrosive agents, local irritants like aspirin and other NSAIDs, alcohol consumption, radiation therapy, physical trauma, severe burns, sepsis,...
3.1K
Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

2.2K
Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not...
2.2K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 16, 2026

The CYP2D6 Animal Model: How to Induce Autoimmune Hepatitis in Mice
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The CYP2D6 Animal Model: How to Induce Autoimmune Hepatitis in Mice

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Cutting edge issues in autoimmune hepatitis.

Rodrigo Liberal1, Edward L Krawitt2, John M Vierling3

  • 1Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, UK.

Journal of Autoimmunity
|August 10, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a severe liver disease. Diagnosis involves autoantibodies and histology, with immunosuppression as the primary treatment for this T cell-mediated condition.

Keywords:
Autoimmune hepatitisImmunosuppressionInternational Autoimmune Hepatitis GroupPathogenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology and Immunology
  • Autoimmune liver diseases

Background:

  • Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a serious global liver condition affecting all ages.
  • Diagnosis relies on autoantibodies, hypergammaglobulinemia, and interface hepatitis.
  • International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group (IAIHG) scoring systems aid diagnosis and research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review novel basic and clinical aspects of autoimmune hepatitis.
  • To highlight current diagnostic criteria and treatment strategies.
  • To discuss emerging therapeutic targets and future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent advancements presented at a Monothematic Conference.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria including autoantibody detection and liver histology.
  • Evaluation of current and potential therapeutic interventions for AIH.

Main Results:

  • AIH pathogenesis involves genetic predisposition, unknown triggers, and impaired regulatory T cells.
  • Standard treatment involves predniso(lo)ne and azathioprine, aiming for complete normalization.
  • Salvage therapies and liver transplantation are options for refractory or end-stage disease.

Conclusions:

  • Early immunosuppression is crucial for managing autoimmune hepatitis.
  • Newer treatment guidelines emphasize comprehensive normalization of disease parameters.
  • Further research into AIH's molecular pathways may yield improved, targeted therapies.