Ichthyosis uteri with leiomyoma

Area of Science:

• Gynecologic Pathology
• Reproductive Medicine
• Oncology

Background:

• Abnormal vaginal bleeding in postmenopausal women necessitates thorough investigation.
• Endometrial cytology and imaging are crucial in diagnosing uterine pathologies.
• Differentiating benign conditions from uterine malignancies is clinically significant.

Observation:

• A 58-year-old woman presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding and atypical endometrial cytology.
• Imaging suggested degenerated leiomyoma or uterine sarcoma.
• Histopathology revealed ichthyosis uteri with uterine leiomyoma, excluding malignancy.

Findings:

• Ichthyosis uteri is an extremely rare condition characterized by widespread squamous metaplasia of the endometrium.
• The diagnosis was confirmed in the absence of koilocytosis or p16 positivity.
• While generally benign, ichthyosis uteri has been associated with underlying squamous cell carcinoma or endometrial adenocarcinoma.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of histopathological examination for accurate diagnosis.
• Comprehensive evaluation is essential for patients with ichthyosis uteri to rule out concurrent malignancy.
• Further research into the etiology and malignant potential of ichthyosis uteri is warranted.