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Updated: Mar 16, 2026

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Diaphragm Dysfunction in Mechanically Ventilated Patients.

Irene Dot1, Purificación Pérez-Teran1, Manuel-Andrés Samper1

  • 1Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital del Mar-Parc de Salut Mar de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM)-GREPAC, Barcelona, España.

Archivos De Bronconeumologia
|August 25, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Mechanical ventilation can cause diaphragm dysfunction in critically ill patients, leading to prolonged recovery. Early diagnosis using ultrasound may improve patient outcomes and reduce hospital stays.

Keywords:
DiafragmaDiaphragmDiaphragmatic dysfunctionDisfunción diafragmáticaEcografíaMechanical ventilationUltrasoundVentilación mecánica

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Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Pulmonology
  • Neuromuscular Disorders

Background:

  • Muscle involvement is common in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.
  • Diaphragmatic alterations are increasingly recognized, especially in mechanically ventilated individuals.
  • Ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD) is a specific condition linked to mechanical ventilation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the occurrence and characteristics of diaphragmatic dysfunction in mechanically ventilated patients.
  • To explore potential causes and consequences of this dysfunction.
  • To highlight the role of ultrasound in diagnosing VIDD.

Main Methods:

  • Observational study in an ICU setting.
  • Analysis of patient data related to mechanical ventilation modes, sepsis, and multi-organ failure.
  • Assessment of diaphragmatic changes, including oxidative stress and mitochondrial alterations.
  • Evaluation of ultrasound as a diagnostic tool.

Main Results:

  • Diaphragm dysfunction appears early in mechanically ventilated patients.
  • It is associated with specific ventilation modes, sepsis, and multi-organ failure.
  • Pathological changes include oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to atrophy and impaired contractility.
  • Diaphragm dysfunction negatively impacts extubation, hospital stay, and long-term quality of life.

Conclusions:

  • Ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction is a significant complication in critical care.
  • Early diagnosis via ultrasound is feasible and can improve patient prognosis.
  • Addressing VIDD is crucial for optimizing recovery and quality of life in ventilated patients.