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    This study introduces a full-channel B-scan modulation method for enhanced speckle reduction in optical coherence tomography (OCT). The novel approach significantly improves image quality by utilizing both negative and positive Fourier spaces, doubling performance over existing techniques.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Optics
    • Medical Imaging Technology
    • Ophthalmic Imaging

    Background:

    • Speckle noise degrades image quality in optical coherence tomography (OCT).
    • Existing speckle reduction methods in OCT have limitations in performance.
    • Angular compounding is a technique used to mitigate noise in OCT.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a novel full-channel B-scan modulation encoding method for speckle reduction in OCT.
    • To enhance the performance of speckle reduction compared to existing half-channel methods.
    • To demonstrate the feasibility of the full-channel approach for improved OCT imaging.

    Main Methods:

    • Reconstruction of complex-valued spectral interferogram (SI) by removing conjugate terms.
    • Application of Fourier transform along the lateral direction for full-channel B-scan modulation in the spatial frequency domain.
    • Utilizing a full-size probe beam centered on the scanning mirror pivot for parallel operation of negative and positive half-channels.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed full-channel method demonstrated over twice the performance in speckle reduction compared to conventional half-channel methods.
    • Successful validation of the full-space approach using phantom experiments.
    • Feasibility confirmed through in vivo human thumbnail imaging experiments.

    Conclusions:

    • The full-channel B-scan modulation encoding method is an effective strategy for significantly reducing speckle in OCT.
    • This technique offers a substantial improvement in image quality for OCT applications.
    • The proposed method shows promise for advanced biomedical imaging and diagnostics.