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Foucault imaging and small-angle electron diffraction in controlled external magnetic fields.

Hiroshi Nakajima1, Atsuhiro Kotani1, Ken Harada1,2

  • 1Department of Materials Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.

Microscopy (Oxford, England)
|September 4, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel method for observing magnetic domains in materials using a standard transmission electron microscope. The technique visualizes how magnetic domain walls in lanthanum strontium manganese oxide respond to external magnetic fields.

Keywords:
Foucault imagingLorentz microscopySmall-angle electron diffraction (SmAED)magnetic deflectionmagnetic domainsperovskite manganese oxide

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Electron Microscopy

Background:

  • Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is crucial for materials characterization.
  • Observing magnetic domains and their behavior under external magnetic fields requires specialized techniques.
  • Conventional TEMs typically lack the capability for in-situ magnetic field studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a method for acquiring Foucault images and electron diffraction patterns in external magnetic fields using a standard TEM.
  • To visualize magnetic domains and their responses to applied magnetic fields in ferromagnetic manganese oxides.
  • To investigate the influence of crystallographic defects on magnetic domain behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a modified electron optical system within a conventional TEM.
  • Controlled external magnetic fields parallel to the optical axis using the objective lens pole piece.
  • Operated in Foucault and diffraction modes under weak excitation conditions.
  • Examined ferromagnetic perovskite-type manganese oxides: La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) and Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3.

Main Results:

  • Successfully acquired Foucault images and small-angle electron diffraction patterns in external magnetic fields without TEM modification.
  • Visualized magnetic domains and their dynamic responses to applied magnetic fields in LSMO and Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3.
  • Observed pinning of magnetic domain walls at crystallographic twin boundaries in rhombohedral-structured LSMO.
  • Demonstrated the strong influence of pinned domain walls on the generation of new magnetic domains under external fields.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method enables in-situ magnetic field studies of magnetic materials using conventional TEMs.
  • Crystallographic defects, specifically twin boundaries, significantly impact magnetic domain wall motion and domain generation.
  • This technique provides valuable insights into the magnetic properties and domain dynamics of advanced materials.