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Related Concept Videos

Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Transcription Factors02:16

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RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins02:36

RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins

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Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
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Transcription01:17

Transcription

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Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in correctly synthesizing messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcriptional regulation is responsible for the differentiation of different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
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Transcription01:10

Transcription

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Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
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General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assay for Tissue-specific Genes using Early-stage Mouse Embryos
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Precocious Phenotypic Transcription-Factor Expression During Early Development.

Jennifer J VanOudenhove1,2, Ricardo Medina2, Prachi N Ghule1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, Vermont 05405.

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry
|September 4, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

RUNX1, a transcription factor, is upregulated early in development, controlling epithelial to mesenchymal transition. This precocious expression is crucial for development and warrants further mechanistic study.

Keywords:
EARLY DEVELOPMENTPHENOTYPIC TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Differentiation

Background:

  • Phenotypic transcription factors play roles in early differentiation.
  • RUNX1 (Runt-related transcription factor 1) is a key regulator in various cellular processes.
  • Its role in very early developmental transitions requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the novel role of RUNX1 during early differentiation.
  • To understand the functional significance of its transient upregulation.
  • To explore its involvement in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT).

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of RUNX1 expression patterns during mesenchymal differentiation.
  • Functional studies linking RUNX1 to EMT control.
  • Investigating the biological importance of precocious transcription factor expression.

Main Results:

  • RUNX1 exhibits selective and transient upregulation during early mesenchymal differentiation.
  • This early RUNX1 expression is functionally linked to the control of EMT.
  • RUNX1's role contrasts with its function in maintaining hematopoietic/myeloid lineage identity.

Conclusions:

  • Precocious RUNX1 expression is critical for developmental EMT.
  • This finding establishes a paradigm for studying early transcription factor roles.
  • Further mechanistic studies are needed to fully understand RUNX1's biological importance in development.