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Diffusion-weighted MR imaging of upper abdominal organs at different time points: Apparent diffusion coefficient

Ji Soo Song1,2, Hyo Sung Kwak1,2, Jung Hee Byon1

  • 1Department of Radiology, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Chonbuk, South Korea.

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI
|September 14, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Normalization of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) using the spleen reduced measurement variability in upper abdominal organs across different MRI systems and time points. This method shows promise as a biomarker for multicenter studies.

Keywords:
MRIabdomenapparent diffusion coefficientdiffusion-weighted imagingnormalization

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology and Imaging Science
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Physics

Background:

  • Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) provides insights into tissue microstructure.
  • Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements can vary due to scanner differences and acquisition timing.
  • Standardization of ADC measurements is crucial for reliable clinical interpretation and multicenter research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of upper abdominal organs across different MRI systems and time points.
  • To evaluate the utility of normalizing ADC values using reference organs.
  • To determine if normalization enhances the reliability of ADC measurements for longitudinal studies.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 58 patients undergoing three rounds of upper abdominal MRI with DWI.
  • Acquisition on multiple 3.0T and 1.5T MRI systems with varying parameters.
  • Normalization of organ ADC values using paraspinal muscle (ADCpsm) and spleen (ADC-spleen) as reference.

Main Results:

  • ADC-spleen demonstrated substantial to almost perfect agreement (ICC), outperforming original ADC and ADCpsm.
  • Normalization with ADC-spleen significantly reduced variability in ADC measurements across different MR systems and time points.
  • Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) indicated improved consistency with spleen normalization.

Conclusions:

  • Spleen-normalized ADC is a reliable biomarker for upper abdominal organs.
  • Normalization using the spleen mitigates variability from different MRI systems and acquisition times.
  • This approach supports the development of robust, multicenter, longitudinal imaging studies.