Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

7.4K
An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and...
7.4K
Electrocardiogram Fundamentals01:28

Electrocardiogram Fundamentals

1.8K
Introduction
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
Definition
An electrocardiogram (ECG) visualizes the heart's electrical activity by tracing the electrical movement associated with each heartbeat on a graph or monitor. As the heart beats, an electrical wave passes through it, correlating with the cardiac cycle events.
Parts of an ECG
An ECG utilizes electrodes on the skin...
1.8K
Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias01:30

Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias

435
Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...
435
ECG Interpretation of Rhythms01:24

ECG Interpretation of Rhythms

17.1K
An electrocardiogram (ECG)graphically represents the heart's electrical activity on ECG paper or a monitor.
Components of the Electrocardiogram
The primary components of a normal ECG waveform in Normal sinus rhythm(NSR) include the P wave, PR interval, QRS complex, ST segment, T wave, and occasionally a U wave.
ECG waveforms are divided by vertical and horizontal lines at standard intervals.
The horizontal axis measures time and rate, and the vertical axis measures amplitude or voltage....
17.1K
Holter Monitor: 24-Hour Monitoring01:23

Holter Monitor: 24-Hour Monitoring

3.8K
Holter monitoring is a continuous electrocardiography (ECG) recording that tracks the heart's electrical activity over an extended period, generally 24 to 48 hours. This noninvasive diagnostic tool detects irregular heart rhythms that may not be captured during a standard ECG performed in a clinical setting.DeviceThe Holter monitor is a portable, small device connected to several electrodes on the patient's chest. These electrodes detect the heart's electrical signals and transmit them to the...
3.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Change in Cardiac Biomarkers and Risk of Incident Heart Failure and Atrial Fibrillation in CKD: The Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study.

American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation·2020
Same author

Prognostic value of Goldberger's electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular dysfunction.

Journal of electrocardiology·2020
Same author

Racial Differences in Atrial Cardiopathy Phenotypes in Patients With Ischemic Stroke.

Neurology·2020
Same author

Diurnal circadian variations in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: The atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study.

Journal of electrocardiology·2020
Same author

Association of Ventricular Arrhythmias With Dementia: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study.

Neurology·2020
Same author

Association of Life's Simple 7 with Atrial Fibrillation Burden (From the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study).

The American journal of cardiology·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Patient Directed Recording of a Bipolar Three-Lead Electrocardiogram using a Smartwatch with ECG Function
05:03

Patient Directed Recording of a Bipolar Three-Lead Electrocardiogram using a Smartwatch with ECG Function

Published on: December 11, 2019

9.2K

Digitizing paper electrocardiograms: Status and challenges.

George S Waits1, Elsayed Z Soliman2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC.

Journal of Electrocardiology
|September 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Digitizing paper electrocardiograms (ECGs) offers efficient storage and analysis of historical cardiac data. This review examines algorithms, applications, and challenges in converting paper ECGs to digital formats.

Keywords:
ConversionDigitizationElectrocardiogram

More Related Videos

Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System
10:17

Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System

Published on: April 11, 2025

2.1K
Analyzing Long-Term Electrocardiography Recordings to Detect Arrhythmias in Mice
06:07

Analyzing Long-Term Electrocardiography Recordings to Detect Arrhythmias in Mice

Published on: May 23, 2021

4.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Patient Directed Recording of a Bipolar Three-Lead Electrocardiogram using a Smartwatch with ECG Function
05:03

Patient Directed Recording of a Bipolar Three-Lead Electrocardiogram using a Smartwatch with ECG Function

Published on: December 11, 2019

9.2K
Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System
10:17

Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System

Published on: April 11, 2025

2.1K
Analyzing Long-Term Electrocardiography Recordings to Detect Arrhythmias in Mice
06:07

Analyzing Long-Term Electrocardiography Recordings to Detect Arrhythmias in Mice

Published on: May 23, 2021

4.5K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Digital Health

Background:

  • Paper electrocardiograms (ECGs) have been a cornerstone of cardiac assessment for over 100 years.
  • Vast archives of ECG data exist in paper-only formats, posing storage and accessibility challenges.
  • Digital conversion is essential for efficient management and analysis of this historical medical data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comprehensive literature review on the conversion of paper ECGs to digital formats.
  • To critically evaluate existing conversion algorithms, their applications, and standardization efforts.
  • To identify key advancements and persistent challenges in ECG data digitization.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature review was performed to identify relevant studies on paper ECG conversion.
  • Conversion algorithms were analyzed, compared, and presented in a tabulated format.
  • Criticisms, applications, and standardization initiatives related to ECG digitization were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Various algorithms for converting paper ECGs to digital formats have been developed.
  • The review highlights the strengths and weaknesses of different conversion approaches.
  • Key functionalities that have improved algorithm performance and remaining obstacles were identified.

Conclusions:

  • Digital conversion of paper ECGs is crucial for unlocking the potential of historical cardiac data.
  • Further research and standardization are needed to overcome current challenges in ECG digitization.
  • Advancements in conversion algorithms promise more efficient and accurate analysis of legacy ECG records.