Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children with overactive bladder; a case-control study.

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Urology
• Child Psychiatry
• Behavioral Science

Background:

• Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent childhood psychiatric condition.
• Increased prevalence of ADHD has been noted in children with certain chronic diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between ADHD and overactive bladder in children.
• To determine if ADHD is more common in children diagnosed with overactive bladder.

Main Methods:

• A case-control study involving 92 children with overactive bladder and 92 healthy controls (ages 5-12).
• ADHD diagnosis utilized Conner's Parent Rating Scale and DSM-IV-TR criteria.
• Statistical analysis included chi-square and t tests to compare ADHD prevalence between groups.

Main Results:

• The prevalence of ADHD was significantly higher in children with overactive bladder (35.9%) compared to controls (19.6%) (P=0.021).
• Inattentive ADHD was significantly more frequent in the overactive bladder group (23.9%) versus controls (9.7%) (P=0.047).
• No significant differences were found in the prevalence of hyperactive-impulsive or mixed ADHD between the groups.

Conclusions:

• Children with overactive bladder exhibit a significantly higher prevalence of ADHD.
• The correlation between ADHD and overactive bladder suggests the necessity of psychological counseling for affected children.
• Early identification and intervention for ADHD in children with overactive bladder are recommended.