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Classically Stable Nonsingular Cosmological Bounces.

Anna Ijjas1, Paul J Steinhardt1,2

  • 1Princeton Center for Theoretical Science, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study demonstrates how to construct a nonsingular cosmological bounce, avoiding instabilities and singularities. It shows a universe can contract and expand smoothly, challenging previous assumptions in theoretical cosmology.

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Area of Science:

  • Theoretical Cosmology
  • Cosmic Evolution
  • General Relativity

Background:

  • A fundamental question in cosmology is whether the universe can avoid a singularity through a nonsingular bounce.
  • Previous theories suggested nonsingular bounces lead to instabilities or singularities.
  • The null energy condition (NEC) violation is key for a bounce but often problematic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To construct explicit examples of nonsingular cosmological bounces.
  • To demonstrate these bounces can occur without pathologies like ghost or gradient instabilities.
  • To maintain a subluminal sound speed for curvature modes during the bounce phase.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated a well-motivated class of theories based on the cubic Galileon action.
  • Developed a procedure for explicitly constructing nonsingular bounce solutions.
  • Analyzed the stability of these solutions and the sound speed of curvature modes.

Main Results:

  • Successfully constructed examples of nonsingular cosmological bounces within the cubic Galileon framework.
  • Showed that these bounces can avoid ghost and gradient instabilities.
  • Confirmed that a subluminal sound speed for comoving curvature modes is maintained throughout the NEC violating phase.

Conclusions:

  • Nonsingular cosmological bounces are possible within certain theoretical frameworks like the cubic Galileon.
  • The presented procedure offers a way to construct stable, nonsingular bounces, resolving a long-standing theoretical challenge.
  • This work provides a classical, stable alternative to the Big Bang singularity.