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Hearing voices, dissociation, and the self: A functional-analytic perspective.
Ciara McEnteggart1, Yvonne Barnes-Holmes1, Jacqui Dillon1
1a Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium.
Summary
Voice hearing is often a dissociative process linked to trauma impacting self-development. Relational Frame Theory offers a new model explaining how trauma weakens self-identity, influencing these experiences.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Behavioral Science
- Clinical Psychology
Background:
- Existing models suggest voice hearing is a dissociative process involving the self.
- Trauma is a significant factor in the development of voice hearing experiences.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current models of voice hearing etiology.
- To propose a new perspective based on Relational Frame Theory.
- To explore the role of trauma and dissociation in voice hearing.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on voice hearing models.
- Application of Relational Frame Theory to understand dissociative processes.
- Development of a trauma-dissociation developmental trajectory model.
Main Results:
- Voice hearing is proposed as a dissociative process where trauma negatively impacts self-development.
- Trauma leads to increased coordination and decreased distinction between self and others, weakening self-identity.
- Impaired psychological boundaries between self and others may underlie voice hearing.
Conclusions:
- Voice hearing experiences reflect perceptions of self and others, potentially indicating boundary impairments.
- Therapeutic interventions should address fragile self-perceptions and relational dynamics.
- Enhancing a coherent sense of self is crucial in therapy for voice hearing.
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