Are Dietary Patterns Associated with Depression in U.S. Adults?
Woo Kyoung Kim1, Dayeon Shin2, Won O Song2
11 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University , Gyeonggi, Korea.
Journal of Medicinal Food
|October 5, 2016
Summary
A healthy diet pattern, rich in whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, is linked to lower depression scores in U.S. women. This finding highlights nutrition
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Psychiatry
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Mental health, particularly depression, is a significant public health concern.
- Nutrition is a key modifiable factor influencing both mental and physical health.
- Understanding the relationship between dietary patterns and depression is crucial for public health strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between major dietary patterns and depression in U.S. adults.
- To identify specific dietary patterns linked to the presence of depression.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study using data from the 2007-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES).
- Included 4180 men and 4196 women (aged 20-79 years) with dietary recall and depression screening (PHQ-9).
- Factor analysis identified two dietary patterns: 'Western' and 'Healthy'; logistic regression analyzed associations with depression (PHQ-9 score ≥10).
Main Results:
- The 'Western' dietary pattern showed no significant association with depression in men or women.
- The 'Healthy' dietary pattern (high intake of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, fish, nuts) was inversely associated with depression scores in women.
- Women in the highest quintile of the 'Healthy' diet had significantly lower odds of depression (OR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.42-0.85) compared to the lowest quintile.
Conclusions:
- A 'Healthy' dietary pattern is associated with reduced odds of depression in U.S. women.
- Dietary interventions may play a role in managing and preventing depression.
- Further research is needed to establish causal relationships between diet and depression.
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