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Hyperpolarized Xenon for NMR and MRI Applications
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Accurate MR thermometry by hyperpolarized 129 Xe.

Le Zhang1,2, Alex Burant3,2, Andrew McCallister3,2

  • 1Department of Applied Physical Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|October 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Lipid-dissolved xenon (LDX) offers more accurate MR thermometry than traditional methods. Using nearby methylene protons allows for precise, absolute temperature measurements in vivo and in vitro.

Keywords:
MR thermometryadipose tissueproton resonance frequency shiftxenon

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • Biophysics
  • Medical Physics

Background:

  • MR thermometry is crucial for monitoring tissue temperature during medical procedures.
  • Proton resonance frequency (PRF) shift is a common method, but its accuracy is limited by water-fat distribution.
  • Lipid-dissolved xenon (LDX) offers a potential alternative with a more stable temperature dependence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temperature dependence of LDX resonance frequency.
  • To evaluate the accuracy of LDX-based MR thermometry.
  • To compare LDX thermometry with PRF-based MR thermometry in vivo.

Main Methods:

  • Measured chemical shift temperature dependence of water, methylene protons, and LDX in various fat-content samples.
  • Acquired in vivo relative and absolute temperature maps using LDX.
  • Compared LDX thermometry results with PRF-based MR thermometry.

Main Results:

  • LDX exhibits a consistent temperature dependence (-0.21 ppm/°C), unaffected by water-fat redistribution.
  • PRF temperature dependence is significantly influenced by water-fat shifts (-0.01 ppm/°C to -0.006 ppm/°C).
  • Using methylene protons as a reference improved LDX accuracy but degraded PRF accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • LDX resonance frequency provides more accurate and precise temperature measurements than PRF.
  • The resonance frequency of nearby methylene protons enables absolute temperature extraction.
  • LDX-based MR thermometry is a promising technique for accurate in vitro and in vivo temperature monitoring.