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Lactobacillus bacteremia: Pathogen or prognostic marker?

B Franko1, P Fournier2, T Jouve3

  • 1Chronic Granulomatous Disease Diagnosis and Research Centre (CDiReC), Therex-TIMC/Imag, UMR CNRS 5525, UJF-Grenoble 1, CHU de Grenoble, 38043 Grenoble, France; Nephrology Unit, Centre Hospitalier Annecy-Genevois, 74370 Metz-Tessy, France.

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|October 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lactobacillus bacteremia (LB) is rare but linked to severe illness, not just contamination. This study suggests LB indicates underlying conditions and warrants further investigation for associated infections and comorbidities.

Keywords:
BacteremiaBactériémieLactobacillus

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Lactobacillus bacteremia (LB) is an uncommon bloodstream infection with poorly understood epidemiology.
  • The clinical significance of LB, whether it represents contamination, a risk factor, or a marker of mortality, remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the epidemiology and clinical significance of Lactobacillus bacteremia.
  • To determine if LB is associated with patient outcomes and underlying comorbidities.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study was conducted at Grenoble University Hospital from January 2005 to December 2014.
  • Identified patients with Lactobacillus bacteremia and analyzed associated clinical factors and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Lactobacillus bacteremia occurred in 38 patients (0.34% of positive blood cultures), frequently associated with cancer, immunosuppression, and central venous devices.
  • A significant temporal increase in LB was observed (P=0.04).
  • Secondary bacteremia with a known portal of entry showed a significantly higher case fatality rate (55.2% at 1 year) compared to isolated bacteremia (12.5% at 1 year), and was associated with increased mortality (OR 14.9, P=0.047).

Conclusions:

  • Lactobacillus bacteremia may serve as a marker for disease severity and underlying comorbidities, rather than being a primary pathogen.
  • LB should not be dismissed as contamination; it necessitates screening for associated infections and underlying conditions.