Scaffolds in regenerative endodontics: A review

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Regenerative Medicine
• Endodontics

Background:

• Root canal therapy saves teeth, but pulp regeneration offers true revitalization.
• Regenerative endodontics seeks to replace diseased pulp with healthy, vital tissue.
• Effective tissue regeneration requires appropriate scaffolding for cell guidance.

Approach:

• A literature review was conducted using PubMed and MEDLINE (1982-2015).
• Search terms included 'Platelet rich plasma', 'Platelet rich fibrin', 'Stem cells', and 'Natural and artificial scaffolds'.
• The review focuses on the role and types of scaffolds in endodontic regeneration.

Key Points:

• Scaffolds provide structural support for cell placement and regulate stem cell behavior.
• Extracellular matrix molecules within scaffolds influence stem cell differentiation.
• Scaffolds can bind cells, deliver growth factors, and biodegrade over time.

Conclusions:

• Choosing the correct scaffold is essential for successful regenerative endodontic procedures.
• Understanding scaffold properties is key to advancing regenerative approaches.
• This review highlights current scaffolds and emerging developmental strategies in endodontic regeneration.