Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

565
Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2...
565
Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids

1.7K
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are anti-inflammatory drugs used primarily in treating persistent asthma and providing long-term maintenance. They target the bronchial mucosa, the lining of the airways, to control inflammation, a critical factor in asthma progression and exacerbation.
ICS work through a multifaceted mechanism of action. They suppress the inflammatory response caused by the proliferation of TH cells. They also reduce the transcription of the IL-2 gene, which is involved in the...
1.7K
Hormones of the Adrenal Glands01:31

Hormones of the Adrenal Glands

5.7K
Adrenal hormones play a pivotal role in maintaining the body's electrolyte balance and orchestrating responses to stress, showcasing the intricate functions of the adrenal cortex and medulla.
The adrenal cortex, a powerhouse of hormone synthesis, generates over two dozen corticosteroid hormones. The zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids, exemplified by aldosterone, influencing the electrolyte composition of body fluids. The synthesis of glucocorticoids such as cortisol and...
5.7K
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists01:24

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

1.1K
Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
1.1K
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors01:19

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

650
α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are...
650
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose01:16

Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose

7.3K
Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
7.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Desmoglein-2 dysregulation impairs epithelial barrier integrity in eosinophilic asthma.

Respiratory research·2026
Same author

MiR-146a-armed exosomes reverse immunosuppressive networks in NSCLC by dual-targeting of MYD88/STAT3 and PD-L1 axes.

International immunopharmacology·2026
Same author

CD207-Positive Dendritic Cells Promote Emphysema Through CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cell Pathway in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

Nasal gene expression shows a distinct signature in type 2-high asthma but not in type 2-low disease.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2026
Same author

Type 2 Biomarkers as Mediators of Clinical Remission With Biologics in Severe Asthma.

Allergy·2025
Same author

Proteomic and Transcriptomic Signatures of Poor Asthma Symptom Control in the U-BIOPRED Cohort.

Allergy·2025
Same journal

Endothelial Cell Phenotypic Plasticity in Atherosclerosis.

Handbook of experimental pharmacology·2026
Same journal

Endothelial Dysfunction and Neurovascular Alterations in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Handbook of experimental pharmacology·2026
Same journal

Molecular Mechanisms of Endothelial Shear Stress Mechanotransduction in Health and Disease.

Handbook of experimental pharmacology·2026
Same journal

Microvasculature of the Pancreatic Islets of Langerhans in Health and Diabetes.

Handbook of experimental pharmacology·2026
Same journal

Mechanisms of Actions of Physiological, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Dietary Bioactive Inorganic Boron.

Handbook of experimental pharmacology·2026
Same journal

BNCT Plus Luminescence: New Paradigm for Boron-Containing Drug Design.

Handbook of experimental pharmacology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Fecal Glucocorticoid Analysis: Non-invasive Adrenal Monitoring in Equids
08:02

Fecal Glucocorticoid Analysis: Non-invasive Adrenal Monitoring in Equids

Published on: April 25, 2016

10.1K

Glucocorticoids.

Ian M Adcock1, Sharon Mumby2

  • 1Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Dovehouse Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK. ian.adcock@imperial.ac.uk.

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
|November 20, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Topical glucocorticosteroids (GCs) effectively treat airway inflammation by modulating gene transcription. However, some patients show resistance, necessitating new therapeutic strategies targeting defective glucocorticosteroid receptor (GR) pathways.

Keywords:
AirwayAsthmaCOPDInflammationNuclear receptorPharmacology

More Related Videos

A Chemical Screening Procedure for Glucocorticoid Signaling with a Zebrafish Larva Luciferase Reporter System
13:22

A Chemical Screening Procedure for Glucocorticoid Signaling with a Zebrafish Larva Luciferase Reporter System

Published on: September 10, 2013

12.5K
Biochemical Reconstitution of Steroid Receptor&#x2022;Hsp90 Protein Complexes and Reactivation of Ligand Binding
11:07

Biochemical Reconstitution of Steroid Receptor•Hsp90 Protein Complexes and Reactivation of Ligand Binding

Published on: September 21, 2011

16.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Fecal Glucocorticoid Analysis: Non-invasive Adrenal Monitoring in Equids
08:02

Fecal Glucocorticoid Analysis: Non-invasive Adrenal Monitoring in Equids

Published on: April 25, 2016

10.1K
A Chemical Screening Procedure for Glucocorticoid Signaling with a Zebrafish Larva Luciferase Reporter System
13:22

A Chemical Screening Procedure for Glucocorticoid Signaling with a Zebrafish Larva Luciferase Reporter System

Published on: September 10, 2013

12.5K
Biochemical Reconstitution of Steroid Receptor&#x2022;Hsp90 Protein Complexes and Reactivation of Ligand Binding
11:07

Biochemical Reconstitution of Steroid Receptor•Hsp90 Protein Complexes and Reactivation of Ligand Binding

Published on: September 21, 2011

16.9K

Area of Science:

  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Molecular Pharmacology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Topical glucocorticosteroids (GCs) are primary anti-inflammatory agents for airway diseases.
  • GCs act on airway cells to suppress inflammation and reverse disease-related structural changes.
  • GCs function by binding to the glucocorticosteroid receptor (GR), a nuclear receptor, modulating gene transcription.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the mechanisms underlying GC resistance in airway diseases.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets for patients unresponsive to GCs.
  • To understand how targeting defective pathways might restore GC responsiveness.

Main Methods:

  • Review of mechanisms of GC action and resistance in airway inflammation.
  • Analysis of gene transcription modulation by GCs via the GR.
  • Investigation of inflammatory pathways contributing to GC unresponsiveness.

Main Results:

  • GCs suppress airway inflammation by regulating genes encoding inflammatory mediators.
  • GC resistance in some patients is linked to specific inflammatory pathway defects.
  • High-dose GCs may be limited by side effects, indicating a need for alternative treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding GC resistance mechanisms offers insights into GC actions.
  • Targeting defective pathways could restore GC sensitivity in non-responsive patients.
  • Development of novel therapeutics is crucial for managing GC-resistant airway diseases.