Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

1.3K
Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
1.3K
Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

5.0K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
5.0K
Preclinical Development: Overview01:28

Preclinical Development: Overview

6.3K
Preclinical development consists of a series of tests that ensure the safety and efficacy of a new therapeutic compound before it is tested in humans. There are four main phases to this process. First, safety pharmacology tests are conducted to ensure the drug does not produce any acutely harmful effects. These tests examine parameters such as bronchoconstriction, cardiac dysrhythmias, blood pressure changes, and ataxia. Next, preliminary toxicological testing is performed to determine the...
6.3K
Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Exposure, Response and Effect01:26

Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Exposure, Response and Effect

141
The pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) relationship describes the intricate link between drug exposure, efficacy, and toxicity, forming the foundation for optimal dosing regimens. This relationship uses mathematical modeling to characterize drug concentration-effect dynamics, ensuring precise therapeutic outcomes.Exposure represents the pharmacokinetic aspect of the PK-PD relationship, denoting the drug amount that elicits a biological response. It is typically quantified by administered...
141
Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets01:29

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

59
Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
59
Pharmacovigilance01:19

Pharmacovigilance

1.9K
Post-marketing surveillance is a critical component of pharmaceutical regulation, often uncovering unanticipated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) once a drug is widely used over an extended period.
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
1.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The interaction between chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in a diverse central London population.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Optimising non-invasive screening for hepatic fibrosis in people living with HIV and intermediate FIB-4 scores.

Frontiers in health services·2026
Same author

Diagnosing and defining MASLD in people living with chronic hepatitis B.

Communications medicine·2026
Same author

Neisseria meningitidis carriage, antimicrobial resistance, and risk factors in UK men who have sex with men.

The Journal of infection·2026
Same author

Switching to doravirine-based antiretroviral therapy without genotypic resistance tests in virologically suppressed people with HIV.

AIDS (London, England)·2026
Same author

Missed opportunities to prevent HIV acquisition with pre-exposure prophylaxis: A mixed methods study of people with recently acquired HIV in the United Kingdom.

HIV medicine·2026
Same journal

Use of gloves: current evidence vs. current use.

Current opinion in infectious diseases·2026
Same journal

Understanding challenges to prevention of healthcare related infections.

Current opinion in infectious diseases·2026
Same journal

Harnessing next-generation microbial diagnostics to optimize infection management in immunocompromised hosts.

Current opinion in infectious diseases·2026
Same journal

Epidemiology, treatment and outcomes of antimicrobial-resistant infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.

Current opinion in infectious diseases·2026
Same journal

Dengue and chikungunya vaccines past, present and future: implications for travelers.

Current opinion in infectious diseases·2026
Same journal

Oropouche virus: viral evolution, epidemiological trends, and challenges for control.

Current opinion in infectious diseases·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 11, 2026

Fabrication and Characterization of Griffithsin-modified Fiber Scaffolds for Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections
12:21

Fabrication and Characterization of Griffithsin-modified Fiber Scaffolds for Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections

Published on: October 31, 2017

7.9K

Where next with preexposure prophylaxis?

Diarmuid Nugent1, Richard Gilson

  • 1Centre for Sexual Health and HIV Research, The Mortimer Market Centre, UCL, London, UK.

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases
|November 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) offers a safe and effective way to prevent HIV infection. Wider availability and implementation of PrEP are crucial for controlling the global HIV epidemic.

More Related Videos

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
10:29

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Published on: May 9, 2025

2.6K
Prediction of HIV-1 Coreceptor Usage Tropism by Sequence Analysis using a Genotypic Approach
07:06

Prediction of HIV-1 Coreceptor Usage Tropism by Sequence Analysis using a Genotypic Approach

Published on: December 1, 2011

13.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 11, 2026

Fabrication and Characterization of Griffithsin-modified Fiber Scaffolds for Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections
12:21

Fabrication and Characterization of Griffithsin-modified Fiber Scaffolds for Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections

Published on: October 31, 2017

7.9K
Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
10:29

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Published on: May 9, 2025

2.6K
Prediction of HIV-1 Coreceptor Usage Tropism by Sequence Analysis using a Genotypic Approach
07:06

Prediction of HIV-1 Coreceptor Usage Tropism by Sequence Analysis using a Genotypic Approach

Published on: December 1, 2011

13.8K

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Disease Prevention
  • Antiretroviral Therapy

Background:

  • Controlling the HIV epidemic requires novel prevention strategies.
  • Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a key tool for HIV prevention in high-risk individuals.
  • The global goal is to end the HIV epidemic by 2030.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evidence on the safety and efficacy of various forms of PrEP.
  • To address implementation challenges and concerns related to PrEP.
  • To highlight the role of PrEP in the global HIV prevention efforts.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific evidence on PrEP.
  • Analysis of randomized control trials on PrEP efficacy.
  • Examination of implementation data from various countries.

Main Results:

  • Two randomized control trials show high efficacy for daily and intermittent PrEP in men who have sex with men (MSM).
  • Oral tenofovir disoproxil/emtricitabine is licensed, well-tolerated, safe, and effective for PrEP.
  • Oral PrEP effectively reduces HIV incidence in high-risk individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Oral PrEP is a well-tolerated and effective HIV prevention strategy.
  • Implementation of PrEP is progressing, with ongoing trials in low and middle-income countries.
  • Wider availability of PrEP is recommended to combat the HIV epidemic.