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A users guide to HPA axis research.

Robert L Spencer1, Terrence Deak2

  • 1Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.

Physiology & Behavior
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Glucocorticoid hormones, like cortisol, regulate bodily functions and stress responses via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Understanding HPA axis activity is crucial for diagnosing and treating various health disorders.

Keywords:
ACTHCorticosteroneCortisolGlucocorticoidHPA axisStress

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Hormone Research
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Glucocorticoid hormones (cortisol and corticosterone) are key regulators of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.
  • HPA axis activity fluctuates with circadian rhythms and stress, impacting numerous physiological systems.
  • Dysregulation of the HPA axis is linked to diverse physiological and mental health disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of HPA axis research.
  • To guide researchers in best practices for HPA axis manipulation and measurement.
  • To enhance understanding of glucocorticoid actions and their role in pathophysiology.

Main Methods:

  • Examination of the anatomical and hormonal components of the HPA axis.
  • Review of strategies for systematic manipulation of HPA axis activity.
  • Discussion of best practices for accurate measurement of HPA axis activity.

Main Results:

  • The guide details the physiological range of HPA axis operation.
  • It emphasizes experimental methods for studying glucocorticoid actions on brain function.
  • It highlights the complexity of the HPA axis beyond single measures.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized practices are needed for HPA axis research.
  • Accurate measurement and manipulation are key to understanding HPA axis function.
  • This guide facilitates research into how HPA axis alterations contribute to disease.